基于三维激光点云技术的城市轨道交通线路空间数字底座建设
赵刚
Construction of Urban Rail Transit Line Spatial Digital Base Using 3D Laser Point Cloud Technology
ZHAO Gang
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作者信息:上海申通地铁集团有限公司， 201103， 上海
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Affiliation:Shanghai Shentong Metro Co., Ltd., 201103, Shanghai, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2024.04.040
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中图分类号/CLCN:U29-39
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栏目/Col:应用技术
摘要:
［目的］为推动上海轨道交通数字化转型、高质量发展，需通过建设数字孪生模型，打造统一、权威、精准的空间数据底板，为线网规划、建设、运维、管理等涉及空间地理的应用场景提供空间数据服务。［方法］结合实际场景和存量数据，采用三维激光点云、卫星遥感及无人机等技术进行三维重建，生成空间数字底座模型。利用手持式三维激光扫描仪采集城市轨道交通专题空间数据，将采集的点云数据模型单体化，利用GIS（地理信息系统）将城市轨道交通实景三维模型、规划和控制数据以及各种空间基础地理数据接入可视化平台，建立“全空间、全周期、全要素”空间数字底座。以上海轨道交通九亭站为例，制作站场分层平面图和三维实景模型，将模型文件与各种属性信息进行挂接后接入城市轨道交通线路空间数字底座中。［结果及结论］城市轨道交通线路空间数字底座结合空间基础地理数据，可为线网“规划—设计—管理—运营”提供统一的空间地理服务。将车站三维实景模型以及建设中征地范围信息接入空间数字底座中，便于开展城市轨道交通房地和固定资产日常管理，为城市轨道交通日常运营和管理提供权威、准确、直观的决策依据。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ In order to facilitate the digital transformation and high-quality development of Shanghai rail transit, it is imperative to construct a digital twin model and create a unified, authoritative, and precise spatial database, providing spatial data service capabilities for application scenarios involving spatial geography such as line network planning, construction, operation and maintenance, and management. ［Method］ Combined actual scenes and stock data, a variety of technologies such as 3D laser point cloud, satellite remote sensing and drones are used for 3D reconstruction to generate a spatial digital base model. Urban rail transit thematic spatial data is collected using handheld 3D laser scanners, and the collected point cloud data model is monomerized. Utilizing GIS (geographic information system) technology, the urban rail transit real-world 3D model, planning and control data, and various spatial basic geographic data are integrated into a visualization platform to establish a ′full-space, full-period, and full-factor′ spatial digital base. Taking Shanghai Rail Transit Jiuting Station as example, the layered floor plans and a 3D real-world model of the station are created, and the model files are linked with various attribute information before being integrated inro the urban rail transit line spatial digital base. ［Result & Conclusion］ The urban rail transit line spatial digital base, combined with spatial basic geographic data, can provide unified spatial geographic services for the ′planning-design-management-operation′ of the network. Integrating 3D real-world models of stations and information on land acquisition ranges under construction into the spatial digital base could facilitate the daily management of urban rail transit real estate and fixed assets, providing authoritative, accurate and intuitive decision-making basis for the daily operation and management of urban rail transit.
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