大跨钢桁架桥梁端埋入式轨道有缝线路病害改造实践
崔逸鹏苗彩霞王浩然
Practice of Defect Reconstruction in Embedded Rail Jointed Track on Large-span Steel Truss Bridge Ends
CUI YipengMIAO CaixiaWANG Haoran
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作者信息:上海市城市建设设计研究总院(集团)有限公司，200135，上海
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Affiliation:Shanghai Urban Construction Design & Research Institute (Group) Co., Ltd., 200135, Shanghai, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2025.03.053
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中图分类号/CLCN:U216.41； U482.1
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栏目/Col:应用技术
摘要:
［目的］针对大跨钢桁架桥梁端埋入式轨道钢轨接头出现的接头螺栓被拉断的病害，有必要分析其病害原因、设计治理方案及研究不停运条件下的改造工程措施。［方法］通过现场调查，收集接头螺栓断裂情况及轨缝随气温变化的数据，进行初步定性分析。利用有限单元法构建桥上梁轨相互作用模型，进行理论计算，分析钢轨受力与位移变化，并校验螺栓强度。基于分析结果与改造需求，设计工程改造方案。［结果及结论］大跨钢桁架桥梁端伸缩位移增大时，有缝线路接头轨缝难以协调梁端位移，导致靠近梁端的接头螺栓易被拉断。通过插铺钢轨伸缩调节器，可有效释放梁轨位移。钢轨伸缩调节器应直线布置，并靠近梁端，采用特殊设计的整体装配式调节器，避免现场二次组装，确保结构稳定并恢复桥面铺装。通过局部凿除道床、钻孔及在大铁板下浇筑快凝高强砂浆，实现快速施工。道床局部凿除与钻孔占据改造天窗期近一半时间，单个天窗期内即可完成主体单侧钢轨伸缩调节器的改造。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ To address the fractured joint bolt issues of embedded rail jointed tracks on large-span steel truss bridge ends, it is necessary to analyze the causes of the defects, design treatment plans, and explore reconstruction measures under non-disruptive operating conditions. ［Method］ Field investigations are conducted to collect data on fractured joint bolts and the variations in rail joint gaps with temperature changes, enabling a preliminary qualitative analysis. A finite element model of the interaction between bridge girder and rails is developed for theoretical calculations, to analyze the stress and displacement of the rails and verify the bolt strength. Based on the analysis results and reconstruction requirements, an engineering reconstruction plan is designed. ［Result & Conclusion］ As the expansion displacement of large-span steel truss bridges increases, the rail joint gaps in jointed tracks cannot accommodate the displacement of the bridge ends, leading to frequent bolt fractures near the bridge ends. By installing rail expansion regulators, the displacement between bridge and rails can be effectively mitigated. The rail expansion regulators should be installed in a straight configuration, positioned near the bridge ends, and a specially designed prefabricated regulator should be adopted to avoid secondary assembly on-site, ensuring structural stability and restoring the bridge deck. Rapid construction can be achieved by locally removing the ballast bed, drilling holes, and grouting fast-setting high-strength mortar under large steel plates. Approximately half of the available reconstruction window is used for track bed partial removal and drilling, enabling the completion of the main single-side rail expansion regulator installation within one operational window period.
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