基于车站客流特征的城市轨道交通就业中心站点识别方法
马亮1周军1张永强2
Identification Method of Employment Center Station in Urban Rail Transit Based on Passenger Flow Characteristics
MA LiangZHOU JunZHANG Yongqiang
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作者信息:1.深圳市规划国土发展研究中心，518040, 深圳
2.南京林业大学汽车与交通工程学院，210037, 南京
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Affiliation:Shenzhen Planning & Land Research Center, 518040, Shenzhen, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2023.11.011
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中图分类号/CLCN:U293.13U231.4
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栏目/Col:研究报告
摘要:
目的：城市就业中心布局是表征城市中心体系的重要指标，应从交通视角出发，研究城市就业中心的空间布局及演变规律，这对优化城市空间布局和综合交通体系均具有重要意义。方法：基于深圳市城市轨道交通2015年和2021年的AFC（自动售检票）数据，以深圳轨道交通车公庙换乘站为例分析了该市就业中心周边站点高峰小时的客流特征，提出了城市轨道交通就业中心站点（以下简称“就业中心站”）的定义及城市轨道交通车站就业指数的概念，进而提出了基于城市轨道交通AFC数据识别城市就业中心的技术方法。最后分析了深圳市就业中心站的空间分布特征及其演变规律。结果及结论：就业中心站分为主要就业中心站、次要就业中心站及一般就业中心站3个类别。通过对深圳市就业中心站的识别，可反映就业中心在该市的空间分布情况。就业中心站的产生与发展受城市轨道交通车站的空间区位、沿线用地开发程度、有无城市轨道交通线路引入等因素影响较大。中心城区就业功能的不断集聚是促进城市就业中心发展的关键因素，大体量商业办公建筑的使用及城市轨道交通新线开通均可进一步强化既有城市就业中心的功能。
Abstracts:
Objective: The layout of urban employment centers is an important index to urban center system. From the perspective of transportation, studying the spatial layout and evolution laws of employment centers is significant for optimizing urban layout and transportation system. Method: Based on the AFC (automatic fare collection) data of Shenzhen Urban Rail Transit in 2015 and 2021, the passenger flow characteristics during peak hours at the Chegongmiao transfer station are analyzed, the definition of urban rail transit employment center stations (hereinafter referred to as ECS) and the concept of station employment index are proposed. Furthermore, a method for identifying urban employment centers based on urban rail transit AFC data is proposed. Finally, the spatial distribution characteristics and evolution rules of ECS in Shenzhen are analyzed. Result &Conclusion: The ECS are divided into three categories: primary employment center, secondary employment center, and general employment center. By identifying the ECS in Shenzhen, it is possible to reflect the spatial distribution of employment centers in the city. The emergence and development of ECS are greatly influenced by factors such as the spatial location of urban rail transit stations, the level of land development along the line, and the introduction of urban rail transit lines. The continuous concentration of employment functions in the central urban area is a key factor in promoting the development of urban employment centers. The use of large\|scale commercial office buildings and the opening of new urban rail transit lines can both strengthen the functions of existing urban employment centers.
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