城市轨道交通地下单存车线配线区间内排烟效果现场实测研究
黄泽茂
Research on Smoke Exhaust Effect Onsite Test in Underground Single Train Parking Line Distribution Section of Urban Rail Transit
HUANG Zemao
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作者信息:中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司，710043，西安
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Affiliation:China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co., Ltd., 710043, Xi’an China
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2023.11.016
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中图分类号/CLCN:U231.96
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栏目/Col:研究报告
摘要:
目的：为了明确城市轨道交通工程地下单存车线配线区间不同排烟设计方案的烟气控制效果，确定影响隧道区间整体排烟能力和气流组织分配的因素，需要对单存车线配线区间的排烟效果进行现场实测。方法：选取某条已运营的城市轨道交通线路中的1个单存车线配线区间，针对影响隧道区间整体排烟能力和气流组织分配的关键因素，设置了6种不同的测试工况。在现场开展冷烟试验，对各工况的断面风速、烟气流动方向、实际排烟效果等进行现场实测，并对测试结果进行分析。结果及结论：隧道通风系统的排烟能力主要取决于TVF（隧道风机）的开启数量，射流风机主要起气流分配的作用。隧道风机和射流风机的合理组合，可形成有效的排烟气流组织方案。单存车线区域应设置射流风机，以对该区域的各线路进行气流分配，保证着火区间内风速满足规范要求。射流风机并非开启越多越好，仅开启起火位置所对应隧道内的射流风机时具有纵向风速大、控制简单的优点。单存车线区间内建议至少设置2组射流风机，且2组射流风机的间距不宜小于1列列车的长度。
Abstracts:
Objective: In order to clarify the smoke control effect of different smoke exhaust design schemes in the underground single train parking line distribution section (simplified as SLS) of rail transit engineering, and to determine the factors affecting the overall smoke exhaust capacity and airflow organization distribution in the tunnel section, the on\|site implementation of smoke exhaust effectiveness in the SLS is required. Method: A SLS in an operating urban rail transit line is selected, and 6 different test conditions are set up to address the key factors affecting the overall smoke exhaust capacity and airflow distribution in the tunnel section. Onsite cold smoke testing is carried out to measure the sectional wind speed, smoke flow direction, and actual smoke exhaust effect of each scenario, and the test results are analyzed. Result &Conclusion: The smoke exhaust capacity of the ventilation shaft system mainly depends on the number of TVF (tunnel ventilation fan) turned on, and the jet fan mainly plays the role of airflow distribution. Through the reasonable combination of TVF and jet fan, an effective smoke exhaust airflow organization scheme can be formed. A jet fan should be installed in the single train parking line area to distribute airflow among the various lines in the area, ensuring that the wind speed in the ignition zone meets the regulatory requirements. It is not that the more jet fans are opened, the better the ventilation effect is. Only turning on the jet fan in the tunnel corresponding to the fire location has the advantages of high longitudinal wind speed and simple control. It is recommended to install two sets of jet fans in the SLS, and the interval between two sets of jet fans should not be less than the length of one train.
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