磁悬浮列车动力学综述
温炎丰1张威风1蔡文锋1徐浩2
Review of Maglev Train Dynamics Research
WEN Yanfeng1ZHANG Weifeng1CAI Wenfeng1XU Hao2
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作者信息:1.中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司， 610031， 成都
2.广州航海学院土木与工程管理学院， 510725， 广州
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Affiliation:1.China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co., Ltd., 610031, Chengdu, China
2.School of Civil and Engineering Management, Guangzhou Maritime University, 510725, Guangzhou, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.20230423
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中图分类号/CLCN:U266.4
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栏目/Col:车辆制造与列车控制
摘要:
［目的］为确保磁悬浮列车的运行平稳性和安全性，总结目前国内外磁悬浮列车动力学性能研究成果，并展望未来研究方向。［方法］基于UM动力学仿真软件，总结了车辆悬挂参数、悬浮架结构形式、多编组列车动力学、主动悬浮控制算法、被动悬浮拟合模型、车-线动力学、横风荷载下列车动力学及桥梁动力响应等方面的研究成果，并展望未来研究方向。［结果及结论］现有研究大多简化悬浮架建模，较少考虑导向力等横向作用影响。未来需细化悬浮架模型，考虑车辆横向振动，深入进行磁悬浮车辆系统动力学研究。横风荷载下动力响应研究以数值模拟为主，需关注风力与车辆、桥梁结构的共振作用。主动悬浮控制算法及被动悬浮拟合模型对动力学仿真性能有重要影响。通过引入悬浮模型至UM软件，可优化悬浮参数及动力学指标，提升列车运行平稳性与安全性。现有磁悬浮列车道岔研究大多集中于列车通过直线道岔工况，对于列车侧向通过道岔时的耦合振动研究较少，未来可建立车-岔耦合系统动力学模型，分析耦合振动特征。采用多柔性体建模的刚柔耦合动力学模型可更真实反映车辆动态响应。需加强列车制动过程中车-桥耦合作用研究，评估车-桥、车-站动力学模型响应特征，以及桥梁、车站结构在纵向作用下的舒适性与安全性。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ To ensure the operational stability and safety of maglev trains, current research achievements in China and abroad on maglev train dynamics performance are summarized, while prospecting future research directions. ［Method］ Based on UM (universal mechanism) dynamics simulation software, research findings on various aspects, including vehicle suspension parameters, suspension frame structures, multi-unit train dynamics, active suspension control algorithms, passive suspension fitting models, vehicle-track dynamics, train dynamics under crosswind loads, and bridge dynamic responses are summarized, and future research directions are prospected. ［Result & Conclusion］ Existing studies predominantly employ simplified suspension frame modeling with insufficient consideration of lateral effects such as guidance forces. Therefore，future research should refine suspension frame models, account for vehicle lateral vibrations, and further investigate the system dynamics of maglev vehicles. Most studies on dynamic responses under crosswind loads rely on numerical simulations, highlighting the need to examine the resonance effects between wind forces and vehicle-bridge structures. Active suspension control algorithms and passive suspension fitting models significantly impact dynamics simulation performance. Introducing suspension models into UM software can optimize suspension parameters and dynamics indicators, improving train operational stability and safety. Current research on maglev train turnouts mainly focuses on straight turnout conditions, with limited exploration on coupled vibrations when trains pass through in the diverging direction. So a train-turnout coupled dynamics model should be developed in the future to analyze the coupled vibration characteristics. Additionally, adopting multi-flexible-body rigid-flexible coupled dynamics models can more accurately reflect vehicle dynamic responses. Further studies are needed on train-bridge coupled actions during braking, evaluating the response characteristics of train-bridge and train-station dynamics models, as well as the comfort and safety of bridge and station structures under longitudinal forces.
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