地铁车站流线拥堵状态实时评价模型
施萍萃胡华郝妍熙方勇刘志钢
Real-time Evaluation Model for Metro Station Passenger Flow Streamline Congestion State
SHI PingcuiHU HuaHAO YanxiFANG YongLIU Zhigang
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作者信息:上海工程技术大学城市轨道交通学院， 201620, 上海
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Affiliation:School of Urban Rail Transportation, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 201620, Shanghai, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.20230752
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中图分类号/CLCN:U293.13
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栏目/Col:运营管理
摘要:
［目的］车站大客流管控措施的精准启动、效果评价和动态信息发布等需要更有效的依据。对此，有必要从流线层面考虑设施类型多样性及拥堵并发性等，建立地铁车站流线拥堵状态实时评价模型来评价实时客流状态。［方法］将流线设施划分为节点设施和通道设施，基于流线拥堵的时空拥堵传播特性分析基于视频识别技术提取客流参数的可行性，提出了全流线节点平均延误时间、全流线节点排队空间溢出率、全流线通道走行速度变异系数三个评价指标的定义及计算公式。面向动态信息发布，基于蚁群聚类算法确定了某车站流线的瞬时拥堵等级划分标准，并通过CRITIC(客观赋权法)确定流线瞬时拥堵指标权重。以上海轨道交通漕河泾开发区站东站厅主要进站流线为例，对该流线瞬时拥堵等级进行分析，并分析了不同拥堵信息发布间隔的流线综合拥堵等级变化。［结果及结论］流线拥堵状态与多个单点设施的拥堵状态相关。对二者进行综合分析，能够为车站单点及流线等不同层面大客流管控措施的启动时机、顺序和效果评价等提供更全面的依据。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ Implementing precise initiation, performance evaluation and dynamic information dissemination of metro station large passenger flow management and control measures requires more effective support. It is necessary to consider the diversity of facility types and the concurrency of congestion from the perspective of passenger flow streamlines. A congestion state real-time evaluation model of metro station passenger flow streamline for assessing real-time passenger flow conditions is established. ［Method］ Passenger flow streamline facilities are categorized into node facilities and passageway facilities. Based on the spatiotemporal propagation characteristics of streamline congestion and the feasibility of extracting passenger flow parameters via video recognition technology, three evaluation indicators―average delay time at all node facilities, queue space overflow rate at all node facilities, and variation coefficient in walking speed across all passageway facilities―are defined and formulated. Targeting dynamic information dissemination, the instantaneous congestion level classification criteria for a given station streamline is determined based on ant colony clustering algorithm, and the CRITIC method (an objective weighting approach) is used to determine the weights of streamline instantaneous congestion indicators. Taking the east station-hall main inbound passenger flow streamline of Shanghai Rail Transit Caohejing Hi-Tech Park Station as a case study, the streamline′s instantaneous congestion levels are analyzed, as well as the changes in streamline overall congestion levels under different congestion information dissemination intervals. ［Result & Conclusion］ The congestion state of passenger flow streamline is related to that of multiple individual node facilities. By conducting a comprehensive analysis, this model provides a more holistic basis for determining the initiation timing, sequencing, and effectiveness of large passenger flow management and control measures across diffe-rent levels of nodes and streamlines.
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