中低速磁浮列车噪声研究与分析
李颖华1杨君1高明1廖小康2欧峰钰2
Research and Analysis of Medium-low Speed Maglev Train Noise
LI Yinghua1YANG Jun1GAO Ming1LIAO Xiaokang2OU Fengyu2
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作者信息:1.中车唐山机车车辆有限公司， 064099， 唐山
2.西南交通大学机械工程学院， 610031， 成都
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Affiliation:1.CRRC Tangshan Co., Ltd., 064099, Tangshan, China
2.School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031, Chengdu, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2024.02.032
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中图分类号/CLCN:U266.4
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栏目/Col:研究报告
摘要:
［目的］在实际运行过程中，中低速磁浮列车产生的噪声是影响其列车服务质量的关键，因此有必要对中低速磁浮列车进行噪声分析。［方法］介绍了中低速磁浮列车噪声试验方案；以某中低速磁浮车辆为例，对列车典型运行工况下的列车磁浮噪声、悬浮架振动和直线电机电流进行分析，并提出相应的降噪措施。［结果及结论］9#电机测点处声压的噪声频率主要集中在低频段50 Hz以下，1 000 Hz及其倍频处的噪声尤为明显。悬浮架垂向振动加速度主要集中于0~1.5g(g为重力加速度)，制动段垂向加速度明显高于加速段垂向加速度。悬浮架的垂向振动加速度高频振动成分主要集中在1 000 Hz及其倍频处。1 000 Hz的谐波电流会引起谐波电磁激振力，使车底机械结构发生电磁激振，进而引起磁浮列车车底的高频噪声。调整开关频率和加装滤波器等降噪措施能有效降低中低速磁浮列车的运行噪声。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ In the actual operation process, the noise generated by medium-low speed maglev trains is a key factor affecting the quality of train service. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the noise in medium-low speed maglev trains. ［Method］ The testing scheme for noise in medium-low speed maglev trains is introduced. Taking a certain medium-low speed maglev vehicle as example, the train maglev noise, suspension frame vibration, and linear motor current under train typical operating conditions are analyzed, and corresponding noise reduction measures are proposed. ［Result & Conclusion］ The noise frequency at 9# motor measuring point is mainly concentrated in the low-frequency band below 50 Hz, with significant noise at 1000 Hz and its multiplications. The vertical vibration acceleration of the suspension frame is mainly concentrated between 0 to 1.5 g (g as gravitational acceleration), and the vertical acceleration during braking is significantly higher than that during acceleration. The high-frequency vibration component of the suspension frame vertical acceleration is mainly concentrated at 1 000 Hz and its multiplications. The harmonic electromagnetic excitation force caused by the 1 000 Hz harmonic current leads to electromagnetic excitation of vehicle bottom mechanical structure, resulting in high-frequency noise from the maglev train bottom. Noise reduction measures such as adjusting switching frequencies and installing filters can effectively reduce the operating noise of medium-low speed maglev trains.
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