城市轨道交通小半径曲线轨道振动噪声控制应用研究
刘铁生1张鲁顺2范建君1秦莹2叶军2田春雨2
Application Research on Vibration and Noise Control for Small-radius Curve Tracks in Urban Rail Transit
LIU Tiesheng1ZHANG Lushun2FAN Jianjun1QIN Ying2YE Jun2TIAN Chunyu2
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作者信息:1.北京市地铁运营有限公司线路分公司, 100088, 北京
2.中铁工程设计咨询集团有限公司, 100055, 北京
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Affiliation:1.Line Branch of Beijing Mass Transit Railway Operation Co., Ltd., 100088, Beijing, China
2.China Railway Engineering Design and Consulting Group Co., Ltd., 100055, Beijing, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.20245011
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中图分类号/CLCN:U211.3
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栏目/Col:土建工程
摘要:
［目的］近年来城市轨道交通建设受城市规划布局等因素影响，小半径曲线轨道在逐渐增多。为解决小半径曲线轨道振动噪声问题，需要对减振降噪措施及实施效果进行研究。［方法］以北京某城市轨道交通线路小半径曲线轨道为研究对象，运用有限元和边界元方法分别建立车辆-轨道-桥梁耦合动力学模型和钢轨有限元-边界元声辐射模型。提出小半径曲线轨道振动噪声控制措施——钢轨无缝化及更换高等级减振扣件，并对采取减振降噪措施后的振动加速度及振级进行仿真分析，以检验减振降噪效果。针对列车主要噪声源轮轨噪声，基于钢轨有限元-边界元声辐射模型，计算、分析了钢轨固有频率、振型及声辐射，比较了采取减振降噪措施前后轨旁声辐射情况。［结果及结论］采用钢轨无缝化的振动噪声控制措施后，道床最大振动加速度降低了0.35 m/s2，振级最大降低了1.42 dB。采用更换高等级减振扣件的振动噪声控制措施后，道床最大振动加速度降低了1.05 m/s2，振级最大降低了7.29 dB。采用振动噪声控制措施后轨旁声压级降低了4.93 dB(A)。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ In recent years, due to the influence of urban planning and layout, the number of small-radius curve tracks in urban rail transit construction is gradually increasing. To address the vibration and noise issues associated with small-radius curve tracks, it is necessary to study vibration and noise reduction measures and evaluate their effectiveness. ［Method］ Using the small-radius curve track section on a certain urban rail transit line in Beijing as research object, a vehicle-track-bridge coupled dynamics model and a rail finite element-boundary element acoustic radiation model are established by finite element and boundary element methods, respectively. Vibration and noise control measures for small-radius curve tracks are proposed，including specifically rail seamless welding and replacement with higher-grade vibration-damping fasteners. A simulation analysis of vibration acceleration and vibration levels after implementing the control measures is conducted to verify their effectiveness. Focusing on the primary source of train noise―wheel-rail noise, the inherent frequency, vibration modes, and acoustic radiation of the rail are calculated and analyzed based on the rail finite element-boundary element acoustic radiation model, and the wayside acoustic radiation before and after implementing vibration and noise reduction measures is compared. ［Result & Conclusion］ After applying the rail seamless welding vibration and noise control measure, the maximum vibration acceleration of the track bed decreases by 0.35 m/s2, and the maximum vibration level decreased by 1.42 dB. After replacing with higher-grade vibration-damping fasteners, the vibration acceleration of the track bed decreases by 1.05 m/s2, and the maximum vibration level decreases by 7.29 dB. The wayside sound pressure level decreases by 4.93 dB(A) after implementing the vibration and noise control measures.
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