高速铁路10kV/0.4kV室内变电所与信号机房安全间距研究
雷琪1熊伟1方春华2汪晋豪2
Safe Distances between High-Speed Railway 10 kV/0.4 kV Indoor Substations and Signal Rooms
LEI Qi1XIONG Wei1FANG Chunhua2WANG Jinhao2
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作者信息:1.中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司，430063，武汉
2.三峡大学电气与新能源学院，443002，宜昌
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Affiliation:1.China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co., Ltd., 430063, Wuhan, China
2.School of Electrical and Renewable Energy, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2025.03.048
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中图分类号/CLCN:U224；U284
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栏目/Col:应用技术
摘要:
［目的］高速铁路10kV/0.4kV室内变电所与信号机房同址共建时，电气设备与信号设备布置太远将浪费土地资源，布置太近会引发电磁兼容问题，故有必要研究两者之间的安全间距问题。［方法］通过电磁环境仿真模拟和实地测试，掌握了10kV变配电所的工频电磁场分布情况。仿真中依据GB/T17626.8—2006《电磁兼容试验和测量技术工频磁场抗扰度试验》及GB/T24338.5—2018《轨道交通电磁兼容第4部分：信号和通信设备的发射与抗扰度》标准，对变压器裸露母线和带钢板外壳两种情况下的磁场强度进行了计算，并与标准规定的敏感设备磁场限值进行了对比。实地测试中，测量了变电所内电气设备正常运行和短时故障状态下产生的电磁场强度。［结果及结论］室内场强与电气设备的相对距离有关，距电气设备1m时，电场强度远小于4kV/m、磁场强度小于30A/m；电气设备裸露、带钢板外壳时与信号设备最小安全间距分别为0.96m和0.28m。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ When railway 10 kV/0.4 kV indoor substations and signal rooms are constructed at the same location, electrical equipment and signal equipment arranged too far apart will waste land resources, while placing them too close may cause electromagnetic compatibility issues. Thus, it is necessary to study the safe distance between the two. ［Method］ Through electromagnetic environment simulations and field tests, the distribution of power frequency electromagnetic fields in 10 kV substations is understood. Simulations are conducted following the GB/T 17626.8—2006 Electromagnetic compatibility-Testing and measurement techniques-Power frequency magnetic field immunity test and GB/T 24338.5—2018 Railway applications-Electromagnetic compatibility-Part 4: Emission and immunity of the signaling and telecommunications apparatus standards, calculating magnetic field intensity for both exposed transformer busbars and those enclosed in steel plate housings. The results are compared with the magnetic field limit values specified for sensitive equipment in above standards. In field tests, the electromagnetic field intensity generated during normal operation and short-term faults of electrical equipment in the substation is measured. ［Result & Conclusion］ The indoor magnetic field intensity is related to the relative distance from the electrical equipment. At 1 m from the electrical equipment, the electric field intensity is significantly below 4 kV/m, and the magnetic field intensity is below 30 A/m. The minimum safe distances between electrical and signaling equipment are determined to be 0.96 m for exposed equipment and 0.28 m for enclosed equipment in steel plate housings.
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