大直径泥水盾构穿越江底富水砂层冒浆处置技术
孙明祥
Treatment Technology for Grout Eruption during Large Diameter Slurry Shield Tunneling Machine Crossing the Water-Rich Sand Layer at the River Bottom
SUN Mingxiang
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作者信息:中铁南方投资集团有限公司， 518054， 深圳
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Affiliation:China Railway South Investment Group Co., Ltd., 518054， Shenzhen， China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2025.05.010
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中图分类号/CLCN:U455.43
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栏目/Col:土建工程
摘要:
［目的］盾构法在我国地铁隧道建设中逐步成为了首选施工技术，而泥水盾构具有在水下稳定性高、能减少河床沉降及施工安全等特点，在越江河海隧道中应用较为广泛。因此，有必要对大直径泥水盾构穿越江底富水砂层冒浆处置技术进行研究。［方法］以福州地铁大直径泥水盾构穿越闽江隧道施工项目为例，结合泥水盾构在全断面富水砂层穿越闽江施工过程中，在高承压水条件下突发江面冒浆，盾构机推力、扭矩、舱压突增，以及刀盘抱死无法转动的异常情况进行研究。分析了越江段塌陷处置面临的主要问题，介绍了处置方案及相关处置措施。通过对周边桥梁进行监测，验证所提处置方案及相关处置措施的有效性。［结果及结论］通过采用在江面水上作业，对盾构上方、前方、两侧土体进行钻孔注浆加固，调整泥浆配比，压注盾尾油脂，管路旁通，循环逆洗泥水舱、气垫舱，以及调整加固段掘进参数等综合治理处置方式，使得盾构机成功脱困，顺利通过冒浆段。对邻近桥桩桩基的监测结果显示，桩基的最大沉降值为0.6 mm，处于安全控制范围。
Abstracts:
［Objective］The shield tunneling method has gradually become the preferred construction technology in China′s metro tunnel construction. The slurry-shield tunneling method, featuring high underwater stability, riverbed settlement reduction, and high construction safety, is widely applied in tunnels crossing rivers and seas. Therefore, it is necessary to study the treatment technology for grout eruption when a large diameter slurry-shield tunneling machine crosses the water-rich sand layer at the river bottom. ［Method］Taking the project of large diameter slurry-shield tunnel machine crossing the Minjiang River tunnel in Fuzhou Metro as an example, the abnormal situations that occurred during the project construction in the full-section water-rich sand layer are studied, including sudden grout eruption on the river surface under high-pressure water conditions, sudden increase in the thrust, torque, and chamber pressure of the shield machine, and the cutterhead getting stuck and unable to rotate. Main problems encountered in the collapse treatment at the river-crossing section are analyzed, and the treatment plan and relevant treatment measures are introduced. The effectiveness of the proposed treatment plan and relevant treatment measures is verified by monitoring the surrounding bridges. ［Result & Conclusion］Through comprehensive treatment methods such as performing water-based operations on the river surface, drilling and grouting to reinforce the soil above, in front of, and on both sides of the shield, adjusting the mud ratio, injecting tail-seal grease, bypassing pipelines, circularly reverse-washing the slurry chamber and air-cushion chamber, and adjusting the tunneling parameters in the reinforcement section, the shield machine is successfully extricated from trouble and smoothly passes through the grout-eruption section. The monitoring results of the adjacent bridge piles show that the maximum settlement value of the piles is 0.6 mm, within the safe control range.
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