隧道三维结构高速检测系统研发及其数据应用
尹文泽1张梓鸿1赵正阳1柴志伟1刘雨2
Development of Tunnel 3D Structure High-speed Inspection System and Data Application
YIN Wenze1ZHANG Zihong1ZHAO Zhengyang1CHAI Zhiwei1LIU Yu2
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作者信息:1.中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司城市轨道交通中心，100081，北京
2.铁科院（北京）工程咨询有限公司，100160，北京
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Affiliation:1.Urban Rail Transit Center， China Academy of Railway Sciences Group Co.， Ltd.， 100081， Beijing， China
2.CARS （Beijing） Engineering Consulting Co.， Ltd.，100160，Beijing， China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.20252110
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中图分类号/CLCN:U256
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栏目/Col:土建工程
摘要:
［目的］ 隧道三维结构综合检测效率低、速度慢，不仅难以满足高密度轨道交通线路网络运维需求，且针对点云、图像等异构数据的智能化管理不力，限制了检测数据的深度挖掘，因此有必要开展隧道三维结构高速检测系统及数据处理关键技术的研究。 ［方法］ 基于模块化激光测距单元阵列的高速激光扫描仪，结合惯性导航单元，研发隧道三维结构高速检测系统；开发逐步椭圆拟合算法，通过迭代过滤噪点并拟合隧道横截面，计算隧道局部变形；采用多圈点云分段拟合与最优值筛选策略，减少支架、管线等干扰，以提高管片变形分析的准确性；建设隧道检测数据平台，以实现隧道点云及图像数据综合展示与管理，并结合运维需求进行隧道健康度分析。 ［结果及结论］ 通过实际工程应用，验证隧道三维结构高速检测系统可在速度不低于80 km/h的条件下全面获取隧道点云及图像数据，并实现结构及表观病害智能化检测，由此可大幅提升隧道综合检测的自动化和智能化水平。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ Current comprehensive 3D tunnel structure inspection features low efficiency and speed， unable to meet the operational and maintenance needs of high-density rail transit networks. Moreover， the limited intelligent management capabilities for heterogeneous data such as point clouds and images restrict the in-depth exploitation of inspection data. Therefore， it is necessary to conduct research on tunnel 3D structure high-speed inspection systems and key data processing technologies. ［Method］ Using high-speed laser scanners based on modular laser ranging unit array combined with inertial navigation units， a tunnel 3D structure high-speed inspection system is developed. A progressive ellipse-fitting algorithm is developed to iteratively filter noise and fit tunnel cross-sections for tunnel localized deformation calculation. A multi-ring point cloud segmentation fitting and optimal value selection strategy is adopted to reduce the support and pipeline interference and improve the accuracy of segment deformation analysis. A tunnel inspection data platform is built to enable integrated display and management of point cloud and image data， and to support tunnel health assessment based on operation-maintenance demands. ［Result Conclusion］ Through practical engineering applications， it is verified that the tunnel 3D structure high-speed inspection system can comprehensively acquire tunnel point cloud and image data at speeds of no less than 80 km/h， and can intelligently detect structural and surface defects， thereby significantly enhances the automation and intelligence levels of comprehensive tunnel inspections.
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