轨道交通岔区钢轨廓形导致列车蛇行失稳分析及整治措施
陈大磊
Analysis and Remediation Strategies for Rail Profile-induced Train Hunting Instability in Rail Transit Turnout Area
CHEN Dalei
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作者信息:1.同济大学铁道与城市轨道交通研究院， 201804， 上海
2.中国铁路上海局集团有限公司安监室， 200070， 上海
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Affiliation:1.Institute of Rail Transit, Tongji University, 201804, Shanghai, China
2.Safety Supervision Office, China Railway Shanghai Group Co.,Ltd., 200070, Shanghai, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007－869x.20250252
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中图分类号/CLCN:U213.6
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栏目/Col:车辆制造与列车控制
摘要:
［目的］轨道交通岔区列车蛇行失稳成因复杂，通常与道岔不平顺、车辆状态、轮轨关系等因素相关，并严重影响行车舒适度、威胁行车安全。因此，有必要对轨道交通岔区钢轨廓形导致列车蛇行失稳进行分析并提出整治措施。［方法］以某车站3号、5号道岔岔区列车失稳为例，从列车动态运行状况、钢轨表面状态、钢轨廓形情况和轮轨关系角度对现场情况进行分析及整治，提出了一种廓形设计与钢轨打磨结合的综合整治措施。利用实际线路、车辆参数建立车辆轨道耦合系统，设计出适用于相应线路的最佳钢轨打磨目标廓形，将钢轨数据库中的钢轨廓形分别与实测的车轮廓形进行匹配，并进行轮轨静态作用分析计算，得到GQI(钢轨质量指数)，利用车辆-轨道耦合系统动力学模型对不同钢轨廓形下的轮轨系统动力学进行计算，得到相关轮轨动态作用评价指标，从而计算出钢轨设计廓形及对应尖基组合断面处钢轨设计廓形，按照设计进行钢轨打磨。［结果及结论］钢轨廓形及等效锥度是导致失稳的重要原因，通过廓型设计与钢轨打磨结合的综合整治措施，经检验后发现列车运行状况得到了较大改善。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ Causes for train hunting instability in rail transit turnout areas are complex, usually related to turnout irregularity, vehicle state, wheel-rail relationship and other factors, seriously affecting driving comfort and threaten driving safety. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the hunting instability caused by the rail profile in rail transit turnout areas and propose remediation measures. ［Method］ Taking the train instability in the No.3 and No.5 turnout areas of a certain station as an example, the field situation is analyzed and rectified from perspectives of train dynamic operation status, rail surface condition, rail profile characteristics and wheel-rail relationship. A comprehensive remediation measure integrating profile design with rail grinding is proposed. Using actual line and vehicle parameters, a vehicletrack coupling system is established to design optimal rail grinding target profiles suitable for the corresponding line. Rail profiles in the rail database are matched with measured vehicle profiles respectively, and the wheel-rail static action analysis and calculation are carried out to obtain the rail quality index GQI. The wheel-rail system dynamics under different rail profiles is calculated with the vehicle-track coupling system dynamics model, to obtain the relevant wheel-rail dynamic action evaluation index is obtained, so as to calculate rail design profiles and that at the corresponding sharp base combination section and grind rails according to the design. ［Result & Conclusion］ Rail profile and equivalent conicity are important causes of train instability. After inspection, it is found that train operational performance has been greatly improved through the comprehensive remediation approach integrating profile design with rail grinding.
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