2000—2019年国内外地铁火灾事故统计分析
朱奥妮
Statistical Analysis of Domestic and International Subway Fire Accidents in 2000—2019
ZHU Aoni
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作者信息:中国矿业大学(北京) 应急管理与安全工程学院，100083，北京
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Affiliation:China University of Mining and Technology, 100083, Beijing, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2020.08.035
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中图分类号/CLCN:U231.96; X928.01
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栏目/Col:研究报告
摘要:
收集了2000—2019年国内外52起地铁火灾事故案例，从地铁火灾事故原因、发生空间分布、发生时间分布、火灾事故损失等方面进行了统计分析。分析结果表明：人为因素、设备设施故障、管理缺陷是引起地铁火灾的主要原因；冬季是地铁火灾事故高发期；一周内的火灾事故数量统计规律具有 “周五效应”。 扑救地铁火灾存在人员疏散难、排烟难、通信联络难等特点，从建立科学的防火管理机制方面提出了具有针对性的地铁火灾事故应对措施。
Abstracts:
52 cases of domestic and international subway fire accidents in 2000—2019 are collected and analyzed statistically from aspects of subway fire causes, spatial distribution and temporal distribution of fire accident, as well as fire accident losses. The analysis results show that human factors, equipment failure and management defect are the main causes of subway fire; winter is the peak period of subway fire accident; the law of quantity statistics has “Friday Effect” as indicated by the weekly statistic number of fire accidents. Since distinguishing difficulties in personnel evacuation, smoke extraction and communication are observed in fighting subway fire, specific countermeasures against subway fire accident are put forward from the perspective of scientific fire prevention management mechanism establishment.
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