低地板车辆用整体式锻造轴桥承载能力分析
戚援1吴志强1李稳2侯传伦1杨新文3
Analysis of Load\|bearing Capacity of Integral Forged Axle Bridge for Low-floor Vehicle
QI YuanWU ZhiqiangLI WenHOU ChuanlunYANG Xinwen
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作者信息:1.1.中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司，213011，常州；
2.2.同济大学铁道与城市轨道交通研究院，201804，上海；
3.3.同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室，201804，上海
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Affiliation:CRRC Qishuyan Institute Co., Ltd., 213011, Changzhou, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2023.05.020
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中图分类号/CLCN:U270.33：U482.1
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栏目/Col:研究报告
摘要:
轴桥是低地板有轨电车独立轮对的关键承载件，为了研究其承载性能，根据德国交通企业联合会发布的VDV 152:2016《基于城市轨道交通建设和运营规则的城市轨道车辆的强度设计规范》的规范要求，通过有限元仿真和试验测试等方法对整体式锻造轴桥的承载能力进行了详细分析。研究结果表明：根据VDV 152:2016规范要求计算得出的载荷工况能够更好地反映轴桥的使用情况；基于有限元软件仿真轴桥使用环境下的柔性约束，并采用FKM（德国机械工程委员会）规范对仿真计算结果进行分区域利用率评估，评估结果显示轴桥利用率为96%；采用整体模锻成形工艺和套筒形刀具机加工工艺可以使轴桥获得高综合性能，满足粗糙度为0.8、同轴度为0.02等高精度尺寸的要求；通过模拟轴桥约束条件等方法获得的试验应力与仿真应力偏差约为10%；采用极值应力工况组合绘制轴桥的载荷曲线并进行分阶段疲劳加载试验，轴桥未出现疲劳裂纹，满足设计要求。
Abstracts:
Axle bridge is the key bearing part of low-floor tram independent wheelset. To study its load\|bearing perfor-mance, with reference to the requirements of VDV 152:2016 specification Recommendations on the Design for Strength of Urban Rail Rolling Stock According to BO Strab issued by Verband der Deutschen Automobil industrie E.V., detailed analysis is carried out on the bearing capacity of integral forged axle bridge through finite element simulation and test testing. Research results show that: the calculated load conditions by VDV 152:2016 specification can better reflect the usage of axle bridge; based on the flexible constrain under axle bridge utilization environment in finite element software simulation, zoned utilization rate of simulation calculation results is evaluated with FKM (Analytical Strength Assessment of Components in Mechanical Engineering) specification (issued by Verband Deutscher Maschinen und Anlagenbau), and the evaluation results show that the axle bridge utilization rate is 96%; the overall die forging process and the sleeve-shaped tool machining process can achieve high comprehensive performance and meet high\|precision dimensions such as roughness Ra 0.8 and coaxiality 0.02; by simulating the constraint conditions of axle bridge and so on, the deviation between test stress and simulated stress is about 10%; a combination of extreme stress working conditions is used to draw an axle bridge load curve and to perform a staged fatigue loading test, the axle bridge has no fatigue cracks, which meets the design requirements.
时评 / Commentary
1.中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司，213011，常州；2.同济大学铁道与城市轨道交通研究院，201804，上海；
3.同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室，201804，上海
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