西安地铁T型换乘站“空间-流量”效能匹配性优化分析
高建
Optimization Analysis of ′SpaceFlow′ Efficiency Matching Ability of Xi’an Metro Ttype Interchange Station
GAO Jian
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作者信息:轨道交通工程信息化国家重点实验室(铁一院)， 710043， 西安
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Affiliation:State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Engineering Informatization (FSDI), 710043, Xi’an, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2023.07.022
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中图分类号/CLCN:U293.13∶U231.4
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栏目/Col:研究报告
摘要:
目的：目前对地铁换乘站的研究大多集中在站内设施布置、管理措施及标识系统等方面，忽视了换乘站自身各组构空间面积配置不均衡引起的空间瓶颈问题及地下空间浪费问题,需对此进行深入研究。方法：以西安地铁线网内8个T型换乘站为研究对象，提出换乘站“空间流量”效能匹配性基本概念，将T型换乘站内部空间划分为5个组构单元；对T型换乘站进行换乘流线拆解和空间简化，通过数据统计建立了西安地铁的典型T型换乘站空间模型；基于各组构面积占比和人行通道平均宽度两项评价指标，采用AnyLogic软件，对设计需求工况及弹性需求工况两种试验工况下典型T型换乘站 “空间流量”的效能匹配性进行仿真分析。仿真分析表明：换乘通道面积富余，竖向交通区的面积和宽度不足，既有典型T型换乘站各组构单元“空间流量”效能不匹配。针对典型T型换乘站空间布局原方案提出了8个备选方案，并进行方案比选。结果及结论：备选方案6最优：与原方案相比，备选方案6在设计需求工况下的换入客流平均通行速度增加了3.3%，换出客流平均通行速度增加了4.2%；在弹性需求工况下备选方案6较原方案的换入客流平均通行速度增加了3.0%，换出客流平均通行速度增加了2.1%。在保持换乘站总建筑面积不变情况下，适当缩小站厅层非付费区面积占比、增加竖向交通区人行通道宽度可有效提高乘客通行效率。
Abstracts:
Objective: Currently, most research on metro interchange stations focus on station internal facility arrangement, management measures and signage systems, ignoring the spatial bottleneck issues and underground space wastage caused by the uneven area allocation of the spatial units that are composing the interchange station itself, thus an indepth research on this topic needs to be carried out. Method: Taking eight Ttype interchange stations in Xi’an Metro line network as research objects, the basic concept of interchange station ′spaceflow′ efficiency matching ability is proposed, and the Ttype interchange station internal space is divided into five compositional units; by decomposing the interchange passenger flow lines and simplifying the space for the Ttype interchange station, a spatial model of typical Ttype interchange station in Xi’an Metro is established through data statistics; based on two evaluation indexes of the area proportion of each compositional unit and the average width of pedestrian passages, the ′spaceflow′ efficiency matching ability of typical Ttype interchange station under the two test working conditions of designdemand and flexibledemand are simulated and analyzed using AnyLogic software. The simulation analysis shows that there is excess area in the interchange passage while insufficient area and width in the vertical traffic area, resulting in a mismatch in the ′spaceflow′ efficiency of the compositional units in the existing typical Ttype interchange station. Eight optimization solutions for the typical Ttype interchange station spatial layout original scheme are proposed and compared for selection. Result & Conclusion: Optimization solution 6 is the optimal; compared to the original scheme, solution 6 increases the average speed of incoming interchange passenger flow by 3.3% and that of outgoing interchange passenger flow by 4.2% under designdemand working condition; under flexibledemand working condition, the average speed of incoming interchange passenger flow is increased by 3.0% and that of outgoing interchange passenger flow by 2.1%. Under the premises of keeping the same total floor area of interchange station building, reducing the proportion of platform floor nonpaying area reasonably and increasing the width of vertical traffic area pedestrian passages can elevate passenger throughput efficiency significantly.
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