地铁车厢火灾典型场景疏散仿真研究
陈斯1陶涛1周昕怡2
Evacuation Study of Metro Compartment Fire Typical Scenarios Based on Numerical Simulation
CHEN SiTAO TaoZHOU Xinyi
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作者信息:1.广州地铁集团有限公司， 510430， 广州
2.中南大学交通运输工程学院， 210094， 长沙
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Affiliation:Guangzhou Metro Group Co., Ltd., 510430, Guangzhou, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2023.12.026
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中图分类号/CLCN:U231.96
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栏目/Col:研究报告
摘要:
目的：地铁发生火灾而未得到有效控制，则容易导致严重人员伤亡和财产损失，为在有限的时间内完成高密度人群的安全疏散，应深入研究不同疏散方式的风险性，以期为地铁车厢的消防安全设计提供参考。方法：基于数值模拟的方法，利用Pathfinder仿真软件进行地铁车厢全尺寸模型建模；模拟仿真地铁安全疏散时间，分析地铁座椅纵横布置、主流疏散方式等6种人员疏散场景对火灾时必需有的安全疏散时间的影响。结果及结论：必需安全疏散时间与人员载荷呈正相关，与列车距前方站台距离呈线性相关；纵向座椅排列方式相比横向座椅排列方式而言更有利于车厢人员的疏散。
Abstracts:
Objective: In the event of a fire in metro without effective control, there is a risk of serious casualties and property damage. To ensure the safe evacuation of a highdensity crowd within a limited time, it is crucial to thoroughly investigate the risks associated with different evacuation methods, aiming to provide insights for the fire safety design of metro compartments. Method: Utilizing numerical simulation method, a fullscale metro compartment model is created using Pathfinder simulation software. The safe evacuation time in metro is simulated, and the impact of six different personnel evacuation scenarios, such as longitudinal and transverse arrangement of metro seats and mainstream evacuation methods, on the required safe evacuation time in a fire is analyzed. Result & Conclusion: The required safe evacuation time is positively correlated with passenger load and linearly correlated with the distance between the train and the platform. In comparison to transverse seat arrangement, longitudinal one is more conducive to the evacuation of metro compartment passengers.
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