地铁列车脱轨防护装置方案
刘艳文1,2肖海健1
Metro Train Derailment Protection Device Scheme
LIU Yanwen1,2XIAO Haijian1
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作者信息:1.西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室， 610031， 成都
2.中车长客股份公司国家轨道客车工程研究中心， 130022， 长春
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Affiliation:1.State Key Laboratory of Traction Power, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031, Chengdu, China
2.CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co., Ltd., 130022, Changchun, China
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2024.01.021
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中图分类号/CLCN:U270.38+9
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栏目/Col:研究报告
摘要:
［目的］在自然灾害、车辆或轨道关键部件失效、外部冲击等不可预知的复杂状态下，地铁列车仍有可能会发生脱轨。因此，对列车被动脱轨防护装置方案的研究十分必要。［方法］建立地铁列车多体系统动力学非线性仿真模型，采用典型的车轮踏面外形和典型钢轨外形匹配，根据地铁列车运行的线路特点，提出地铁列车脱轨防护装置的三种方案，对其进行了低速运行条件下的脱轨工况仿真。针对仿真结果，综合考虑防二次爬轨脱轨的效果、安装部位的强度，以及脱轨后铁轨与脱轨防护装置发生碰撞而对车辆造成的损害，提出了在构架下端安装防脱轨横向止挡作为脱轨防护装置的方案。针对该地铁列车脱轨防护装置，进行了动力学仿真分析，并与无防护装置工况进行对比。［结果及结论］地铁列车脱轨防护装置具有明显的防脱轨效果，且具有一定的可行性。地铁列车脱轨防护装置动态包络线符合某地铁线路的限界要求，不会影响列车正常行驶，可以进行工程应用。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ Under unpredictable complex conditions such as natural disasters, failures of vehicle/track key components, or external impacts, metro train derailment is still highly prone to occurrence. Therefore, research on train passive derailment protection device schemes is essential. ［Method］ A dynamics nonlinear simulation model of metro train multi-body system is established. The typical shapes of both the wheel tread and the steel rail are matched. Based on the characteristics of metro train operating routes, three schemes for metro train derailment protection devices are proposed, and the derailment condition for each scheme is simulated under low-speed operating conditions. Regarding the simulation results, the effectiveness of preventing secondary rail climbing/derailment, the strength of the installation position, and the damage to vehicle caused by collision between rail and derailment protection device after derailment are taking into consideration comprehensively, a scheme of installing lateral anti-derailment stops at framework lower end as the derailment protection device is proposed. A dynamics simulation analysis is conducted on the metro train derailment protection device and the result is compared with the non-protection device working condition. ［Result & Conclusion］ The metro train derailment protection device exhibits a significant anti-derailment effect with certain feasibility. The dynamic envelope of the above device meets the clearance requirements of the metro line and does not affect train normal operation, making it suitable for engineering applications.
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