德国布伦瑞克市有轨电车线网规划特点分析及启示
梁帅文
Analysis and Implications of Tram Line Network Planning Characteristics in Brunswick, Germany
LIANG Shuaiwen
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作者信息:北京城建设计发展集团股份有限公司， 100037， 北京
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Affiliation:Beijing Urban Construction Design & Development Group Co., Ltd., 100037, Beijing, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2024.01.023
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中图分类号/CLCN:U212.1∶U482.1
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栏目/Col:研究报告
摘要:
［目的］有轨电车为德国布伦瑞克市唯一的城市轨道交通系统，也是该市公共交通骨干系统。总结其2013年启动的线网扩建项目线网规划阶段工作主要特点，对于我国有轨电车规划建设具有重要意义。［方法］分析线网扩建项目线网规划阶段工作的主要内容，对其中的理念和方法进行总结。［结果及结论］线网规划研究过程可分为三个阶段，主要内容分别为线路方案筛选、客流效益评价和经济效益评价，最终确定线网形态和线路廊道，为下阶段的线路设计提供依据。根据线路的路权形式初步确定各级政府对项目的投资补贴额度，明确项目的建设资金来源。线网规划阶段工作主要特点及给我国带来的启示为：坚定推行“公交优先”发展战略，因地制宜地打造以有轨电车为骨干、常规公交为补充的层次分明的公共交通体系；建立健全分级财政支撑体系，为项目建设提供资金保障；保障有轨电车的专有路权，提高有轨电车的服务水平；统筹考虑有轨电车建设对于整个城市交通系统的影响；注重有轨电车项目的经济效益分析，为决策提供定量化依据。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ Tram network is the only urban rail transit system in Brunswick, Germany, serving as the backbone of the city′s public transportation system. Summarizing the key features of the expansion project planning phase in the current network initiated in 2013 holds significant implications for tram planning and construction in China. ［Method］ By analyzing the main content of the network expansion project planning phase, an overview of the applied guiding principles and methodologies is provided. ［Result & Conclusion］ The line network planning research process is divided into three stages, focusing on route scheme selection, passenger flow benefit assessment, and economic benefit evaluation. These stages culminate in the determination of the network structure and route corridors, providing a foundation for subsequent route design. Additionally, the preliminary allocation of investment subsidies by various levels of government, and sources of the construction funds for the project are determined based on the right of way format. The primary characteristics of the network planning phase work and the implications for China include: a firm commitment to the ′public transportation priority′ development strategy, with context-specific construction of a clear-layered public transportation system featuring trams as the backbone and conventional buses as supplements; establishing a robust hierarchical financial support system to ensure financial security for the project construction; ensuring exclusive rights of way for trams to enhance service quality; a comprehensive consideration of the impact of tram construction on the entire urban transportation system; focusing on the economic benefit analysis of tram projects, providing quantitative basis for decision-making.
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