城市轨道交通车辆防滑保护控制技术
张兴旺刘佳玲闫晓庚刘政
Control Technology for Anti-skid Protection in Urban Rail Transit Vehicles
ZHANG XingwangLIU JialingYAN XiaogengLIU Zheng
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作者信息:中车唐山机车车辆有限公司产品研发中心， 063035， 唐山
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Affiliation:Product Development Center, CRCC Tangshan Co., Ltd., 063035, Tangshan, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2024.02.039
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中图分类号/CLCN:U463.344∶U231
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栏目/Col:应用技术
摘要:
［目的］防滑保护控制技术是城市轨道交通车辆的关键技术，其控制目标为通过降低制动力来匹配轮轨间的实际黏着力，以减少或避免车轮踏面的擦伤。因此，有必要针对城市轨道交通车辆的特点，分析并研究城市轨道交通车辆的防滑保护控制技术。［方法］从防滑保护控制的原理出发，阐述了城市轨道交通车辆的轮轨黏着理论；介绍了城市轨道交通车辆的电制动防滑、空气制动防滑及电空混合制动的控制原理，以及轮轴抱死情况。［结果及结论］牵引系统的电制动防滑和空气制动系统的空气制动防滑均以蠕滑率和减速度为判据进行滑行检测。通过对制动力的调整实现对轮轨间的黏着利用率最大化，尽量避免轮轴抱死和车轮擦伤现象的发生。在电空混合制动的防滑控制方面，需根据不同系统的特性及滑行判据的差异，采用合理的防滑控制接口方案，以确保系统间防滑功能的正确配合。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ Anti-skid protection control technology is a crucial technology for urban rail transit. The control objective is to match the actual wheel-rail adhesion force by reducing braking force, thereby minimizing or preventing wheel tread abrasion. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze and study anti-skid protection control technology for urban rail transit vehicles based on their specific characteristics. ［Method］ Starting from the principles of anti-skid protection control, the theory of wheel-rail adhesion for urban rail transit vehicles is elucidated. The control principles of electric braking anti-skid, pneumatic braking anti-skid, and electric-pneumatic hybrid braking for urban rail transit vehicles are introduced, as well as situations involving wheel axle locking. ［Result & Conclusion］ The traction system electric braking anti-skid and the air braking system pneumatic braking anti-skid both utilize coasting ratio and deceleration as criteria for slide detection. Adjusting the braking force achieves maximum utilization of wheel-rail adhesion, minimizing occurrences of wheel locking and wheel tread abrasion. Regarding anti-skid control in electric-pneumatic hybrid braking, it is essential to adopt a rational anti-skid control interface scheme based on the characteristics of different systems and variations in skid criteria, thus ensuring the correct coordination of anti-skid functions between systems.
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