横风作用下地铁车辆运行平稳性及安全性分析
龙苒周劲松刘广宇
Analysis of Metro Vehicle Operational Stability and Safety under Crosswind Effects
LONG RanZHOU JinsongLIU Guangyu
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作者信息:同济大学铁道与城市轨道交通研究院， 201804， 上海
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Affiliation:Institute of Rail Transit, Tongji University, 201804, Shanghai, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2024.04.009
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中图分类号/CLCN:U270.1+4
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栏目/Col:学术专论
摘要:
［目的］城市轨道交通列车在高架线路上运行时，横风对车辆运行的平稳性和安全性有较大影响，需要对横风作用下地铁车辆的动力学性能进行更为深入的研究。［方法］在MATLAB软件中分别采用3种经典的横风风载模型（定常稳态风载模型、瞬态中国帽风载模型及非定常随机风载模型）模拟动态风场，在SIMPACK软件中建立单节编组车辆的精细化刚体动力学模型，将3种风载模型作为外部激励分别施加到车辆上；对比分析了车辆在直线上运行时不同风载模型、不同风速、不同车速对地铁车辆运行平稳性的影响；从安全设计角度出发，选取非定常随机风载模型，对车辆在曲线上运行时的平稳性及安全性进行分析，探究了不同风速下车辆运行速度的安全域。［结果及结论］在横风作用下，地铁车辆车速、风速均对车辆的运行平稳性及安全性有显著影响。车辆高速运行时，风速对车辆的横向振动影响更为突出。3种横风风载模型中，非定常随机风载模型对车辆的平稳性影响最明显；基于对车辆平稳性及安全性的分析，给出了不同线路形态（直线或曲线）、不同风速下的车辆限速值。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ When urban rail transit trains operate on elevated tracks, crosswinds have a significant impact on the stability and safety of vehicle operation. It is essential to conduct a more in-depth study on the dynamics performance of metro vehicles under crosswind action. ［Method］ Three classical crosswind load models (classical constant steady-state wind load model, transient Chinese hat wind load model, and non-steady-state stochastic wind load model) in MATLAB software are employed to simulate dynamic wind fields. In SIMPACK software, a detailed rigid-body dynamics model of a single-car formation train is established. The three wind load models are applied as external excitations to the vehicle. Comparative analysis is conducted on the influence of different wind load models, wind speeds, and vehicle speeds on the operational stability of metro vehicles when operating on straight tracks. From a safety design perspective, the non-steady-state stochastic wind load model is selected to analyze the stability and safety of the vehicle during curve negotiation, exploring the safety domain of vehicle speeds under different wind speeds. ［Result & Conclusion］ Under crosswind action, both metro vehicle speed and wind speed significantly influence vehicle operational stability and safety. During train high-speed running, wind speed has a more pronounced impact on the lateral vibration of the vehicle. Among the three crosswind load models, the non-steady-state stochastic wind load model has the most significant impact on vehicle stability. Based on the analysis of vehicle stability and safety, speed limits for vehicles are determined for different route geometries (straight or curve tracks) and wind speeds.
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