有轨电车扣件式无砟轨道60R2槽型钢轨与60kg/m钢轨抗倾覆特性仿真研究
崔逸鹏苗彩霞
Study on Anti-overturning Characteristics of 60R2 Groove Rail and CHN60 Rail for Fastener Type Ballastless Track of Tram
CUI YipengMIAO Caixia
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作者信息:上海市城市建设设计研究总院(集团)有限公司，200135，上海
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Affiliation:Shanghai Urban Construction Design and Research Institute (Group) Co., Ltd., 200135, Shanghai, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2024.06.007
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中图分类号/CLCN:U213.2+13∶U482.1
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栏目/Col:研究报告
摘要:
［目的］为了给有轨电车不同地段的钢轨、扣件的选型和设计提供理论支撑，须研究扣件式无砟轨道60R2槽型钢轨与60kg/m钢轨的抗倾覆特性，并分析影响两者抗倾覆特性的因素。［方法］利用有限单元法建立了60R2槽型轨和60kg/m钢轨分析简化模型。分析了不同轨下垫板垂向刚度、扣件横向刚度、扣件间距以及弹条松弛2mm和5mm对钢轨横移、弹条竖向位移、扣件承受横向力及钢轨与垫板接触长度的影响。［结果及结论］仿真研究表明：60kg/m钢轨扭转刚度约为60R2槽型轨的1.73倍，60kg/m钢轨竖向力偏心距比60R2槽型轨大，同等工况下，60R2槽型轨横移和弹条竖向位移大于60kg/m钢轨，但扣件承受横向力60R2槽型轨小于60kg/m钢轨。轨下垫板刚度越小，扣件间距越大，钢轨横移和外侧弹条竖向位移越大。小半径横向力较大地段，应适当提高轨下垫板刚度，加密扣件间距，并应适当提高弹条疲劳试验振幅。扣件承受横向力的影响因素主要有钢轨轨型、横向刚度、扣件间距，而轨下垫板刚度对其影响较小。弹条松弛2mm和5mm在本计算工况下，钢轨横移变化较小，对于小半径地段不易检查的有轨电车埋入式轨道，应定期翻挖检查并拧紧螺栓，以保持弹条规定的离缝值。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ In order to provide theoretical support for the selection and design of the tram rail and fasteners in different sections, it is necessary to study the anti-overturning characteristics of the 60R2 groove rail and the CHN60 rail for the fastener type ballastless track, and analyze the influencing factors of their anti-overturning performance. ［Method］ The finite element method is used to establish a simplified analysis model for 60R2 groove rail and CHN60 rail. The effects of the vertical stiffness of different rail pads, lateral stiffness of fasteners, spacing between fasteners, and 2 mm and 5 mm looseness of fastener clips on the lateral displacement of rails, the vertical displacement of fastener clips, the lateral force borne by fasteners, and the contact length between rails and pads are analyzed. ［Result & Conclusion］ The simulation study shows that the torsional stiffness of CHN60 rail is about 1.73 times that of 60R2 groove rail, and the vertical force eccentricity of CHN60 rail is greater than that of the 60R2 groove rail. Under the same working conditions, the lateral displacement of 60R2 groove rail and the vertical displacement of its fastener clip are larger than those of CHN60 rail, but the fasteners of 60R2 groove rail bear less lateral force than those of CHN60. The smaller the stiffness of the rail pad, the larger the spacing between fasteners, and the greater the lateral displacement of the rail and the vertical displacement of the outer fastener clips. In areas with small radius and large lateral forces, the stiffness of the rail pad should be appropriately improved, the spacing between fasteners be increased, and the amplitude of the fastener clip in fatigue test be appropriately enlarged. The main influencing factors of the lateral force that the fasteners bear include rail type, lateral stiffness, and spacing between fasteners, while the stiffness of the rail pad has a relatively small effect on fasteners. Under the present calculation conditions, the rail lateral displacement changes relatively small with the fastener clip looseness of 2 mm and 5 mm.The embedded tram track with small radius section which is difficult to inspect should be excavated and inspected regularly, and the bolts should be tightened to maintain the specified seam value of the fastener clips.
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