基于乘客行为探讨大客流地铁车站站台宽度计算方法
李岩辉1田飞1陈国彦2
Platform Width Calculation Methods for Metro Large Passenger Flow Station Based on Passenger Behavior
LI Yanhui1TIAN Fei1CHEN Guoyan2
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作者信息:1.中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司，710043，西安
2.山东智行勘察设计院有限公司，253074，德州
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Affiliation:1.China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co., Ltd., 710043, Xi’an, China
2.Shandong Zhixing Survey and Design Institute Group Co., Ltd., 253074, Dezhou, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2024.07.009
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中图分类号/CLCN:U231.4；U695.1+7
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栏目/Col:学术专论
摘要:
［目的］根据GB50157—2013《地铁设计规范》计算出的大客流地铁车站站台宽度偏小，难以消化巨量的客流压力，基于乘客在站台的行为特征提出一种新的站台宽度计算方法。［方法］介绍了现行站台宽度计算方法，并对其与大客流车站站台实际客流进行偏差分析；设置列车未到站和列车进站后两种工况，提出大客流车站站台宽度计算方法；以西安某大客流地铁车站为例，对所提站台宽度计算方法进行实例测算。［结果及结论］鉴于部分车站高峰时段与城市高峰时段不一致，站台宽度计算公式引入车站偏差系数，以车站高峰小时作为确定站台宽度的计算时段。若车站为换乘站，两股分支客流之间存在对向干扰，引入对向干扰系数。站台客流在列车到站后经历了4个阶段，第2阶段对站台占用需求最大，并呈“块”状静止和“线”形移动两种客流特征。与现行规范的站台宽度计算方法相比，所提站台宽度计算方法对大客流车站具有更好的适应性。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ According to GB 50157—2013 ′Code for design of metro′, the calculated platform width of metro large passenger flow station is often too narrow to afford the immense passenger flow pressure effectively. Considering passenger behavior on platforms, a new platform width calculation method is proposed to address this issue. ［Method］ The current platform width calculation methods are introduced, and their deviations from actual passenger flow at large passenger flow stations are analyzed. Two operating conditions of train yet to arrive at station and train already in station are defined, and a platform width calculation method for large passenger flow station is proposed. Taking a large passenger flow station of Xi’an Metro as example, the proposed platform width calculation method is applied and demonstrated through case study calculations. ［Result & Conclusion］ Considering that peak hours at some stations may not align with city-wide peak hours, a deviation coefficient for station operation is introduced into platform width calculation formula, with the station peak hours as a calculation period to determine the platform width. For interchange stations where interference between passengers in opposite directions exists, a cross-interference coefficient is introduced. The passenger flow on platform undergoes four stages after the train arrives, with the second stage exhibiting the highest demand for platform occupancy and displaying characteristics of both stationary ′blocks′ and moving ′lines′ of passengers. Compared with platform width calculation methods in current specifications, the proposed one demonstrates better adaptability for large passenger flow stations.
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