城市轨道交通变电站主变压器室火灾顶棚下方烟气温度特性数值分析
甘露1王浩2杨浩然3徐琳3
Numerical Analysis of Smoke Temperature Characteristics below the Fire Ceiling in Main Transformer Room of Urban Rail Transit Substation
GAN Lu1WANG Hao2YANG Haoran3XU Lin3
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作者信息:1.山东国电投能源营销有限公司，250002，济南
2.山东电力工程咨询院有限公司，250013，济南
3.山东建筑大学热能工程学院，250101，济南
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Affiliation:1.State Power Investment Corporation Shandong Energy Marketing Co., Ltd., 250002, Jinan, China
2.Shandong Electric Power Engineering Consulting Institution Co., Ltd., 250013, Jinan, China
3.School of Thermal Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, 250101, Jinan, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2024.07.036
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中图分类号/CLCN:U231.96
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栏目/Col:研究报告
摘要:
［目的］随着地铁用电负荷的增大，湿式变压器等油浸式设备在过载情况下工作极易引起火灾，威胁顶棚结构安全。为了避免或降低变压器发生火灾的可能性，有必要研究火灾发生时，主变压器室内烟气的运动规律及顶棚温度的变化特性。［方法］以济南轨道交通3号线110kV齐川变电站为例，通过理论分析和数值模拟，考虑通风条件、火灾热释放速率和火源高度等多变量的综合影响，对主变压器室发生火灾时，顶棚下的烟气温度特性进行研究。［结果及结论］机械通风开启时，室内气流组织会影响顶棚的烟气温度分布，补风导致火羽流倾斜，使最高温升点向排风口偏移，最高温升略低于机械通风关闭的情况。顶棚无量纲最高温升可分为两个区域：火焰未撞击顶棚时，无量纲最高温升同Q2/5与(hef-h0)(Q为火灾热释放速率；hef为火源表面到顶棚的距离；h0为虚点源高度)的比值呈线性关系；火焰冲撞顶棚时，无量纲最高温升为常数，建立顶棚无量纲最高温升预测模型；基于模拟数据，提出弱火羽流驱动和强火羽流驱动时的顶棚射流温度衰减预测模型。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ With the increasing power supply load required by metro, the operation of oil-immersed equipment such as wet-type transformers under overload conditions is extremely prone to fire, posing a threat to the safety of ceiling structure. To avoid or reduce the possibility of transformer fires, it is necessary to investigate the smoke movement patterns and the variation characteristics of ceiling temperature in main transformer room during fire. ［Method］ Taking the 110 kV Qichuan Substation of Jinan Rail Transit Line 3 as example, through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, considering the comprehensive effects of ventilation conditions, fire heat release rate, and fire source height, the temperature characteristics of smoke below the ceiling in main transformer room during fire are investigated. ［Result & Conclusion］ When mechanical ventilation is activated, the organization of indoor airflow will affect the distribution of smoke temperature below the ceiling. Wind replenishment causes the fire plume to deflect, leading to the maximum temperature rise point shifting towards exhaust vents, with the maximum temperature rise slightly lower than when mechanical ventilation is closed. The dimensionless maximum ceiling temperature rise can be divided into two regions: when the flame does not impinge on the ceiling, it exhibits a linear relationship between the dimensionless maximum temperature rise and the ratio of Q2/5 and (hef-h0) (where Q is the fire heat release rate, hef is the distance from fire source surface to the ceiling, h0 is the virtual point source height); when the fire flame impinges on the ceiling, the dimensionless maximum temperature rise is a constant, and a prediction model for the dimensionless maximum temperature rise of the ceiling is proposed. Based on simulation data, prediction models for temperature decrease of ceiling jets driven by weak and strong fire plumes are proposed.
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