地铁车站活塞风井的平战融合防护设计方案
吴立桥
Peacetime and Wartime Integrated Protection Design Scheme for Piston-action Ventilation Shaft in Metro Station
WU Liqiao
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作者信息:中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司，430063，武汉
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Affiliation:China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co., Ltd.，430063，Wuhan，China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2024.09.018
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中图分类号/CLCN:U453.5∶U453.4
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栏目/Col:研究报告
摘要:
［目的］由于设计人员对现行规范中地铁车站战时防护功能及其交通运输功能的理解存在偏差，导致活塞风井设计时必要的平战转换时间预估值远大于预期，需要对地铁车站活塞风井的平战融合防护设计方案进行研究。［方法］在阐明地铁车站人民防空防护功能定位基础上，提出了地铁车站的战时运行模式。阐述了现有地铁车站设计中平战转换存在的问题。结合当前地铁车站融合防护设计中活塞风井设计的难点问题，针对活塞风排风口建筑空间相对宽裕、相对紧凑、非常紧凑3个工况，分别提出了3个地铁车站平战融合防护设计方案。［结果及结论］与常规车站活塞风风道用沙袋封堵的平战转换设计方案相比，这3个方案建设前期的工程成本略有增加，但能有效降低平战转换的工作量，明显缩短平战转换时间，地铁车站平战运行状态也能够实现快速切换。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ As the designers' understanding of the wartime protection function and transportation function of the metro stations deviates from the current specification, the estimated indispensable time in the design for the piston-action ventilation shaft to switch from peacetime to wartime is much longer than expected. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research on the protection design scheme integrating peacetime and wartime functions for the piston-action ventilation shafts in metro stations. ［Method］ On the basis of clarifying the position of protection function of the metro station, a wartime operation mode of the metro station is proposed. The contradiction in the peacetime and wartime switching in the design of the existing metro stations is expounded. In view of the difficulties and contradiction in the design of piston-action ventilation shaft in current metro station design integrating wartime protection function, three metro station design schemes integrating wartime protection function are proposed corresponding to three working conditions, i.e. relatively spacious, relatively compact and very compact building space for the air outlets of piston-action ventilation shaft. ［Result & Conclusion］ Compared with the conventional design scheme for the station switching from peacetime to wartime by shutting off the piston air duct with sand bags，the above schemes, though costing slightly higher in the early stage of construction, can effectively reduce the workload and significantly shorten the time for the switching between peacetime and wartime, realizing rapid switching of the operation status for metro station between peacetime and wartime.
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