新型山地齿轨列车制动器性能分析
崔胤吕常秀徐红星黄龙刘春洋
Analysis on the Performance of New Mountain Gear Rail Train Brake
CUI YinLYU ChangxiuXU HongxingHUANG LongLIU Chunyang
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作者信息:中铁合肥新型交通产业投资有限公司，231699，合肥
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Affiliation:China Railway Hefei New Communication Investment Co., Ltd., 231699, Hefei, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2024.09.059
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中图分类号/CLCN:U270.35
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栏目/Col:产学研视窗
摘要:
［目的］山地齿轨线路最大坡度可达250‰。由于重力分量产生的下滑力远大于轮轨之间的最大摩擦力，车辆在山地齿轨线路最大坡道上运行时，仅靠常规的轮轨制动系统无法抑制车辆下滑。需要专用的齿轨制动装置，利用齿轮齿条啮合方式对齿轨轮直接制动，突破钢轮钢轨之间摩擦力限制，为山地齿轨车辆在大坡道上运行时提供更大的制动力。对该新型制动器的性能进行分析，有助于保证齿轨车辆运行安全。［方法］分析了目前国内外齿轨列车专用齿轨制动系统的特点，总结了现有齿轨制动装置的优缺点。根据齿轨转向架的空间和接口尺寸，结合飞机制动器的特点，设计了一种适用于超大坡道的多摩擦盘齿轨专用制动器，介绍了该新型专用制动器的组成和性能。采用理论计算和有限元仿真方法分析了该新型制动器的性能和零部件强度，以及三种最恶劣工况下制动器温度的变化情况。［结果及结论］该新型制动器具有良好的制动性能，在最恶劣工况下其最高温度低于制动器材料的承受极限。该新型制动器可满足齿轨列车在最大坡度（250‰）不同制动工况下的制动需求。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ The maximum slope of the mountain gear rail line can reach 250‰. As the sliding force generated by the component of the gravity is much greater than the maximum friction force between wheel and rail, relying solely on the conventional wheel and rail braking system can not restrain the vehicle sliding when the vehicle runs on the maximum slope of the mountain gear rail line. Special gear rail braking device, which uses the gear rack engagement mode to brake the gear rail wheel directly, is needed to break the friction limit between the steel wheel and rail and provide greater braking force for the mountain gear rail vehicle running on the big slope. Analysis of the new brake performance is helpful to ensure the safety of the gear rail vehicle operation. ［Method］ The characteristics of the current special gear rail braking system for gear rail train in China and abroad are analyzed, and the advantages and disadvantages of the existing gear rail braking devices are summarized. According to the space and interface dimensions of the gear rail bogie, combined with the characteristics of the aircraft brake, a special brake for multi-friction disc gear rail on super large slope is designed, and its composition and performance are introduced. Theoretical calculation and finite element simulation are used to analyze the performance and component strength of the new brake, as well as its temperature changes under three worst working conditions. ［Result & Conclusion］ The new brake has good braking performance, and its highest temperature is lower than the bearing limit of the brake material in the worst working conditions. It can meet the braking requirements of the gear rail train under different braking conditions at maximum gradient (250‰).
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