日本轨道交通更新改造补助机制及对我国的启示
陈炎1,2刘亚琛3程晏1,2赵华伟1,2杨军1,2
Subsidy Mechanism for Rail Transit Renewal and Renovation in Japan and the Enlightenment to China
CHEN Yan1,2LIU Yachen3CHENG Yan1,2ZHAO Huawei1,2YANG Jun1,2
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作者信息:1.北京市地铁运营有限公司，100044，北京
2.地铁运营安全保障技术北京市重点实验室，100044，北京
3.北京交通大学交通运输学院，100044，北京
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Affiliation:1.Beijing Subway Operation Co.,Ltd., 100044, Beijing, China
2.Beijing Key Laboratory of Subway Operation Safety Technology, 100044, Beijing, China
3.School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, 100044, Beijing, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2025.01.039
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中图分类号/CLCN:U442.55
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栏目/Col:研究报告
摘要:
［目的］借鉴日本政府通过补助以推动轨道交通发展的成功经验，可为我国城市轨道交通更新改造阶段政府有效补助机制的建立提供具有现实指导意义的相关案例。［方法］以20世纪60年代日本陆续出台的轨道交通相关补助制度为研究对象，根据日本轨道交通事业的不同经营形式，日本现行的补助制度分为城市铁道、干线铁道、安全防灾及技术开发四类，已构成了一套系统完整的辅助机制。研究分析了其补助目的、补助对象及补助内容，并对补助的管理机构和补助程序进行介绍。［结果及结论］最后结合国内实际，提出了要建立既有线改造资金补助体系、健全管理制度及实行动态评估调整的建议。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ Drawing on the successful experiences of Japanese government in promoting the rail transit through subsidies can provide relevant cases of practical guiding significance for the establishment of an effective governmental subsidy mechanism in China at the stage of urban rail transit renewal and renovation. ［Method］ The rail transit-related subsidy systems successively introduced by Japan after the 1960s are taken as the research objects, and according to different business forms of Japan′s rail transit undertakings, Japan′s current subsidy systems are divided into four categories for urban railways, trunk railways, safety, disaster prevention and technology development, which have constituted a complete and systematic auxiliary mechanism. The subsidy purpose, subsidy objects and subsidy contents are studied and analyzed, and the subsidy management institutions and the subsidy procedures are introduced. ［Result & Conclusion］ Finally, combined with the realities in China, it is suggested that a financial subsidy system should be established for the renovation of existing lines, the management system be improved, and dynamic evaluation and adjustment be implemented.
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