既有线改建市域铁路客流量低迷原因及对策
徐行方1,2王皓月1,2黄洁1,2洪世奇3
Reasons for Low Passenger Flow of City Railway Renovated from Existing Lines and Countermeasures
XU Xingfang1,2WANG Haoyue1,2HUANG Jie1,2HONG Shiqi3
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作者信息:1.同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室，201804，上海
2.上海市轨道交通结构耐久与系统安全重点实验室，201804，上海
3.香港大学工业与制造系统工程系，999077，香港
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Affiliation:1.The Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 201804, Shanghai, China
2.Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rail Infrastructure Durability and System Safety, Tongji University, 201804, Shanghai, China
3.Department of Industrial and Manufacturing System Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2025.01.041
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中图分类号/CLCN:U239.5
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栏目/Col:研究报告
摘要:
［目的］针对目前由既有线改建而成的市域铁路普遍存在的客流量低迷问题，有必要系统分析其原因并提出相应对策，以提升运营效益，便利市郊旅客出行。［方法］通过对长江三角洲地区3条既有线改建的市域铁路进行调研，特别是对上海金山铁路全年客流量进行多维度分析，从时间和空间两个维度总结客流分布特点。基于定量分析，归纳市域铁路客流构成及时空波动特征；结合线路工作人员长期观察，定性分析客流需求及市域铁路对沿线居民的影响。综合定量与定性分析结果，针对3条市域铁路的具体客流现状，重点分析影响市域铁路客流量的因素，并提出提高市域铁路客流量的措施。［结果及结论］我国市域铁路客流量低迷的主要原因包括：市域客流自身特征因素，线路条件的局限性，列车开行方案的局限性，出行便捷性不足，以及市场竞争力不强等。提高市域铁路客流量的措施包括：完善线网规划与建设，提升线路通过能力，优化列车开行方案，完善线路间的衔接换乘，坚持公益性票价政策，推进公交引导发展综合改造等。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ Recently, the passenger flow in the city railway renovated from existing lines is generally low, it is necessary to systematically analyze the reasons and put forward corresponding countermeasures to improve the operational efficiency and facilitate the travel of suburban passengers. ［Method］ Based on researches of 3 city railways renovated from existing lines in Yangtze River Delta region, especially the multi-dimensional analysis of the annual passenger flow in Shanghai Jinshan Railway, the characteristics of passenger flow distribution are summarized from time and space two dimensions. The composition of the city railway passenger flow and the characteristics of its temporal and spatial fluctuations are summarized based on the quantitative analysis. The passenger flow demand and the impact of the city railway on the residents along the line are qualitatively analyzed according to the long-term observation of the railway staff. Combining the results of the quantitative and qualitative analyses and focusing on the specific passenger flow status of the 3 city railways, factors affecting the city railway passenger flow volume are analyzed in detail, corresponding measures to increase the passenger flow volume are put forward. ［Result & Conclusion］ The reasons for the city railway low passenger flow in China mainly include factors related to the characteristics of city passenger flow itself, limitations of line condition, limitations of train operation plan, insufficient travel convenience, and weak market competitiveness. The countermeasures include improving the planning and construction of the line network, enhancing the line passing capacity, optimizing train operation plans, improving the connection and transfer between lines, adhering to the public welfare fare policy, promoting the comprehensive transformation guided by public transportation and etc.
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