内置铝蜂窝包覆式吸能器的高速列车排障器设计方案力学性能分析
李宏双李赫许鹏张浩淼邱正成
Mechanical Performance Analysis of Design Scheme for High-speed Train Obstacle Deflector with Built-in Aluminum Honeycomb Covered Energy Absorber
LI HongshuangLI HeXU PengZHANG HaomiaoQIU Zhengcheng
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作者信息:中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司国家轨道客车工程研究中心，130062，长春
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Affiliation:National Engineering Research Center of Railway Vehicles, CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co., Ltd., 130062, Changchun, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2025.02.011
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中图分类号/CLCN:U270.2
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栏目/Col:研究报告
摘要:
［目的］排障器作为在高速列车被动安全防护的主要设备，可以有效排除进入车轮和轨道之间的障碍物。但排障器传统设计方案不能满足EN 15227：2020标准中排障器新增中间位置过载情况下的吸能要求，为此，需要优化高速列车排障器的吸能设计方案。［方法］对排障器的既有设计方案进行了优化，提出了内置铝蜂窝包覆式吸能器的高速列车排障器设计方案。建立了内置铝蜂窝包覆式吸能器高速列车排障器的三维模型，采用LS-DYNA软件对排障器压缩过程进行计算分析，得到了排障器的缓冲力-位移仿真曲线。使用500 t压力机对该排障器进行准静态压缩试验，得到了排障器的缓冲力-位移试验曲线。将仿真曲线和试验曲线进行对比，以验证仿真计算结果的可靠性。［结果及结论］仿真结果和试验结果均满足EN 15227：2020标准的要求，仿真曲线和试验曲线具有高度的一致性，可采用所建排障器三维模型及仿真计算结果来指导方案设计。在仿真压缩和试验压缩过程中，优化后的排障器压缩性能表现均很稳定，其缓冲力-位移曲线平稳可控。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ The OD (obstacle deflector) serves as a primary passive safety device on high-speed trains, effectively clearing obstacles between the wheels and the tracks. However, conventional OD designs do not meet the energy absorption requirements under the newly-added intermediate position overloading conditions specified in the EN 15227:2020 standard. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the energy absorption design of high-speed train OD. ［Method］ The existing OD design is optimized, and a new design incorporating a built-in aluminum honeycomb covered energy absorber is proposed. A 3D model of the high-speed train OD with the built-in energy absorber is created, and the LS-DYNA software is used for computational analysis of the OD compression process, obtaining a simulated buffer force-displacement curve of the pilot. A quasi-static compression test is conducted on the OD using a 500-ton press machine, and the experimental buffer force-displacement curve of the OD is obtained. The simulated and experimental curves are compared to verify the reliability of the simulation results. ［Result & Conclusion］ Both the simulation and experimental results meet the requirements of EN 15227:2020, and the simulated curve shows high consistency with the experimental curve, confirming the feasibility of applying the established 3D OD model and simulation calculations results for guiding design proposals. During both the simulated and experimental compression processes, the optimized OD demonstrates stable compression performance, with a stable and controllable buffer force-displacement curve.
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