基于FPGA多级交换结构提升列车骨干网交换机信号转发性能的技术方案
米志宏1张光远2李彬1
Technical Solution for Enhancing Signal Forwarding Performance of Train Backbone Network Switch Machines Based on FPGA Multi-level Switching Architecture
MI Zhihong1ZHANG Guangyuan2LI Bin1
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作者信息:1.中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司国家轨道客车工程研究中心，130062，长春
2.中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司城铁事业部，130062，长春
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Affiliation:1.National Engineering Research Center of Railway Vehicles, CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co., Ltd., 130062, Changchun, China
2.Urban Transit Division, CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co., Ltd., 130062, Changchun, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2025.02.033
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中图分类号/CLCN:U270.38+2
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栏目/Col:应用技术
摘要:
［目的］城市轨道交通列车通信网络承载的传输业务日趋多样化，各通信设备间相互传输的信息量非常大，这对ETB（列车骨干网）交换机的各项性能提出了更高的要求。交换机的信号转发性能直接决定了交换机传输数据的能力，有必要对ETB三层交换机信号转发性能的提升措施进行研究。［方法］以美国洛杉矶地铁红线车辆项目为研究对象，介绍了该线地铁列车的通信网络拓扑结构。从分析ETB交换机吞吐量需求入手，研发了基于FPGA（现场可编程门阵列）多级交换结构平台的ETB三层交换机。对研发的交换机信号转发性能进行了测试，以验证其性能。［结果及结论］ETB需要传输的数据量约为44Mibit/s，早期建成地铁线路的车辆配置难以满足如此大数据量的信号转发要求。FPGA多级结构平台能有效平衡中间模块之间的负载，提高ETB交换机的吞吐量。研发的ETB三级交换机的网络吞吐量可达到90Mibit/s，能够很好地满足洛杉矶地铁红线车辆的数据传输需求。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ The transmission services carried by urban rail transit communication networks are becoming increasingly diverse, leading to a significant volume of information exchange between communication devices. This imposes higher performance requirements on ETB (ethernet train backbone) switch machines. The signal forwarding performance of switch machines directly determines their data transmission capacity, making it necessary to study signal forwarding performance improvement measures for ETB 3-layer switch machines. ［Method］ The vehicle project on Los Angeles Metro Red Line is taken as research object, and the communication network topology of metro trains on this line is introduced. Starting with an analysis of the throughput requirements for ETB switch machines, an ETB 3-layer switch machine based on an FPGA (field-programmable gate array) multi-level switching architecture platform is developed. The signal forwarding performance of the developed switch machine is tested to verify its effectiveness. ［Result & Conclusion］ The ETB data transmission requirement is approximately 44 Mibit/s, which cannot be met by the configurations of vehicles on metro lines from earlier development. The FPGA multi-level switching platform effectively balances the load between intermediate modules and enhances the throughput of ETB switch machine. The developed ETB 3-layer switch machine has a network throughput of up to 90 Mibit/s, adequately meeting the data transmission needs of Los Angeles Metro Red Line vehicles.
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