不同道床条件下地铁轨道不平顺性能分析
涂英辉1,2闫子权1,2李再帏3刘彦林3张丽君4
Analysis of Metro Track Irregularity Performance under Different track bed Conditions
TU Yinghui1,2YAN Ziquan1,2LI Zaiwei3LIU Yanlin3ZHANG Lijun4
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作者信息:1.高速铁路轨道技术国家重点实验室，100081，北京
2.中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所，100081，北京
3.上海工程技术大学城市轨道交通学院，201620，上海
4.北京中铁科轨道交通安全技术有限公司，100081，北京
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Affiliation:1.State Key Laboratory of High-speed Railway Track Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
2.Railway Engineering Research Institute, China Academy of Railway Sciences Co., Ltd., 100081, Beijing, China
3.School of Urban Railway Transportation, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 201620, Shanghai, China
4.CARS Rail Safety Technology Co., Ltd., 100081, Beijing, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2025.03.039
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中图分类号/CLCN:U213.2+13
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栏目/Col:施工技术
摘要:
［目的］随着地铁运营速度和密度的提高，在列车车辆激扰作用下，地铁轨道平顺性劣化速率加快，因而，分析掌握不同道床条件下轨道不平顺实际服役性能，对地铁轨道设备维修作业有着十分重要的意义。［方法］为对比不同道床型式条件下轨道不平顺的状态差异，采用时域(幅值、均值、峰值、TQI(轨道质量指数))、频域轨道不平顺谱及分形维数方法进行状态评价，以讨论碎石道床、整体灌注式道床以及支承块承轨台式整体道床条件下轨道不平顺性能的优劣性。［结果及结论］在时域上，综合对比幅值、均值、峰值计算结果，整体灌注式整体道床钢轨前后高低平顺性最好，支承块承轨台式整体道床次之，碎石道床最差；轨向不平顺方面3种道床结构无明显差异性，对比TQI法计算结果，整体灌注式整体道床线路轨道平顺性综合质量状态明显优于其他两种道床型式。在频域上，对比国外轨道谱，各种型式的道床在中波频段和国外轨道谱分布规律大致相同，而在长波频段明显优于外国；在分形特征上，整体灌注式整体道床综合表现最优，在3种波长的分形维数上，线路中中短波成分变化较为明显，而长波分布变化则较为稳定，变化较小。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ With the increase in metro operating speeds and density, the deterioration rate of metro track regularity accelerates due to dynamic disturbance in train vehicles. It is therefore necessary to analyze and understand the actual service performance of track irregularities under different track bed conditions to support maintenance operations for metro track systems. ［Method］ To compare the differences in track irregularity performance under various track bed types, evaluation is carried out using time-domain methods (amplitude, mean value, peak value, and TQI-track quality index), frequency-domain track irregularity spectra, and fractal dimension. These methods are applied to assess the advantages and disadvantages of track bed types including ballast, monolithic slab, and supported-block rail-bearing type track bed systems. ［Result & Conclusion］ In the time domain, based on a comprehensive comparison of amplitude, mean value, and peak value calculation results, the mondithic slad type demonstrates the best vertical track regularity before and after the rail installation, followed by the bearing slab type, with ballast type performing the worst. In terms of track alignment irregularity, the three ballast structures show no significant differences. However, TQI results reveals that monolithic slab type exhibits significantly superior whole track regularity quality over the other two. In the frequency domain, when compared to international track spectra, all track bed types in China display similar distribution patterns in the medium-wavelength range but outperforms foreign systems in the long-wavelength range. From a fractal characteristics perspective, the integral poured ballast shows the best overall performance. On the fractal dimension of three wavelengths, the medium and short wavelength components of the track display more significant variations, while the long-wavelength distribution remains relatively stable with minor changes.
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