夏热冬暖地区地铁运营近期车站空调系统配置方案
杨卓1吴曈凌1李晓锋2
Short Term Air Conditioning System Configuration Scheme for Subway Station in Hot Summer and Warm Winter Areas
YANG Zhuo1WU Tongling1LI Xiaofeng2
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作者信息:1.北京清华同衡规划设计研究院有限公司， 100085， 北京
2.清华大学建筑学院， 100084， 北京
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Affiliation:1.Beijing Tsinghua Tongheng Urban Planning & Design Institute Co., Ltd., 100085, Beijing, China
2.School of Architecture, Tsinghua University,100084, Beiing, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2025.04.015
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中图分类号/CLCN:TU831.3∶U231.4
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栏目/Col:研究报告
摘要:
［目的］地铁运营近期与远期的车站空调系统负荷存在明显差异。为避免运行能耗严重浪费，空调系统配置主要采用变频方案或分期配置方案，但尚未有系统性的定量研究。因此，有必要对地铁车站运营近期的空调系统配置方案进行研究。［方法］以夏热冬暖地区某城市典型地铁车站为例，建立可以分析实际工程问题叠加影响的负荷与能耗模型，并利用实际测试数据修正模型。对比地铁车站运营近期空调系统2个常用配置方案，计算分析了两个方案的运行能耗及其产生差异原因。［结果及结论］在理想工况下，即设备装机容量符合实际负荷需求，且空调系统变频运行时，与方案一(变频方案)相比，方案二(分期配置方案)节能19.7%；在最不利工况下，即设备装机容量比实际负荷需求大50%，且设备运行未充分变频时，与方案一相比，方案二节能42.1%。采用方案一时，设备装机容量应更贴近实际负荷，应采用合理的自控策略和变频设备以保障空调系统能根据实际负荷调节。采用方案二时，设计中应精细计算水系统和风系统的阻力。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ There are significant differences between the air conditioning system loads of subway stations in short term and long term. In order to avoid serious operation energy waste, the air conditioning system configuration mainly adopts variable frequency scheme or phased configuration scheme, but systematic quantitative research are still required. Therefore, it is necessary to study the air conditioning system configuration scheme for subway station operations in the short term. ［Method］ Taking a typical subway station in a city with hot summers and warm winters as an example, a load and energy consumption model that can analyze the superposed impact of actual engineering problems is established, and the model is corrected using actual test data. Two commonly used configuration schemes for air conditioning systems in subway station short-term operation are compared, and the operating energy consumption of the two schemes and the reasons for their differences are calculated and analyzed. ［Result & Conclusion］ Under ideal working conditions, i.e. the installed capacity of the equipment meets the actual load requirements and the air conditioning system is operated in variable frequency, scheme Ⅱ (phased configuration scheme) could save 19.7% energy compared to scheme Ⅰ (variable frequency scheme) ; under the most unfavorable working conditions, i.e. the installed capacity of the equipment is 50% greater than the actual load demand and the equipment frequency is not fully variable in operation, Scheme Ⅱ could save 42.1% energy compared with Scheme Ⅰ. When adopting Scheme Ⅰ, the installed capacity of the equipment should be closer to the actual load, and reasonable self-control strategies and variable frequency equipment should be adopted to ensure that the air conditioning system can be adjusted according to the actual load. When adopting Scheme Ⅱ, the resistance of the water and wind systems should be carefully calculated in the design.
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