轨道交通环境噪声预测与控制标准探讨
王嘉李莉
Discussion on Prediction and Control Standards for Rail Transit Environmental Noise
WANG JiaLI Li
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作者信息:1.同济大学交通学院， 201804， 上海
2.同济大学上海市轨道交通结构耐久与系统安全重点实验室， 201804， 上海
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Affiliation:1.College of Transportation Engineering, Tongji University, 201804, Shanghai, China
2.Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rail Infrastructure Durability and System Safety, Tongji University, 201804, Shanghai, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2025.04.017
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中图分类号/CLCN:U270.1+6
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栏目/Col:研究报告
摘要:
［目的］轨道交通噪声辐射问题日益严重。为了提高轨道交通环境噪声预测与控制水平，有必要探讨我国现行轨道交通环境噪声预测与控制标准的关键内容。［方法］系统性梳理我国现行的轨道交通环境噪声预测与控制标准，从轨道交通噪声源强、轨道交通噪声预测和声屏障噪声控制3个方面进行了对比，深入研究不同标准的车辆噪声源强的测试与预测方法、轨道交通环境噪声辐射的预测方法及基于声屏障措施的噪声控制方法。［结果及结论］噪声源强测量建议综合考虑HJ 453—2018和 GB/T 5111—2024两项标准。噪声预测建议依据HJ 2.4—2021标准；声屏障声学性能和降噪效果计算建议参考HJ/T 90—2004标准，并可辅以TB/T 3122—2019、GB/T 19884—2005标准。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ The problem of rail transit noise radiation has become increasingly serious. In order to improve the level of rail transit environmental noise prediction and control, it is necessary to explore the key contents of current rail transit environmental noise prediction and control standards in China. ［Method］ China′s current rail transit environmental noise prediction and control standards are systematically reviewed, and a comparative study is conducted from three aspects: rail transit noise source intensity, rail transit noise prediction, and sound barrier noise control. Test and prediction methods for vehicle noise source intensity, prediction methods for rail transit environmental noise radiation, and noise control methods based on sound barrier measures in different standards are thoroughly studied. ［Result & Conclusion］ For noise source intensity measurement, it is recommended to comprehensively consider the HJ 453—2018 and GB/T 5111—2024 standards. For noise prediction, it is recommended to follow the HJ 2.4—2021 standard; for the calculation of the acoustic performance and noise reduction effect of sound barriers, it is recommended to refer to the HJ/T 90—2004 standard, and supplemented by the TB/T 3122—2019 and GB/T 19884—2005 standards.
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