城市轨道交通车辆基地打火问题分析及解决措施
陆煜旻
Analysis and Solutions of Arcing Problem in Urban Rail Transit Vehicle Bases
LU Yumin
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作者信息:上海地铁维护保障有限公司， 200030， 上海
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Affiliation:Power Supply Branch of Shanghai Metro Maintenance Support Co., Ltd., 200030, Shanghai, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2025.04.048
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中图分类号/CLCN:U223.6+2∶U279.1
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栏目/Col:应用技术
摘要:
［目的］上海轨道交通车辆基地频繁出现打火问题， 不仅破坏了钢轨和车轮的外观与结构，还会影响列车运行安全。因此，有必要对车辆基地打火问题进行分析，找出打火的原因，进而提出解决措施。［方法］在车辆基地接触网停电情况下，于出入场线处单向导通装置断开前后，在正线列车进出车辆基地附近的车站过程中，通过检测检修平台栏杆与车体间电流、出入场线单向导通装置通过的电流，深入分析停车库检修平台栏杆打火原因。在调整出场线供电方式，在无列车出库及出库车经出场线驶往正线的情况下，分别测量绝缘节两端的电压、正线钢轨对地电压和车场钢轨对地电压，深入分析车轮过出入场线绝缘节打火的原因。针对打火原因提出解决措施。着重验证了采用智能导通装置代替单向导通装置的应用效果。［结果及结论］检修平台栏杆打火是由正线钢轨泄漏至停车场的杂散电流引起的。出入场线绝缘节打火由回流不畅造成轨回流升高、绝缘节压差增大所导致。此外，由于单向导通装置中消弧装置可控硅受最小维持电流及开通电压等特性影响，绝缘节两端不能达到金属性电气连接的效果，从而导致消弧效果不理想。实际应用效果表明，智能导通装置能有效地阻断杂散电流通路，抑制杂散电流流入车辆基地，确保回流畅通，进而减少车辆基地内打火情况发生。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ Arcing problems frequently occur in Shanghai rail transit vehicle bases, which not only damage the appearance and structure of the rails and wheels, but also affect train operation safety. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze arcing problems in the vehicle base, identify the cause of arcing, and then propose solutions. ［Method］ In the case of catenary power outage in the vehicle base, before and after disconnecting the unidirectional conduction devices on the entrance/exit lines, and when the mainline train enters and exits the station near the vehicle base, by detecting the current between the maintenance platform railing and the car body, and the current passing through the unidirectional conduction devices on the entrance/exit lines, causes for the parking garage maintenance platform railing arcing are deeply analyzed. After adjusting the exiting line power supply mode, when there is no train leaving the depot and the outbound car is driving to the main line via the exit line, the voltage at both ends of the insulating joint, the voltage of the mainline rail to the ground, and the voltage of the yard rail to the ground are measured respectively, and causes for the insulation joint arcing when the wheel passing through the entrance/exit lines are deeply analyzed. Solutions are proposed for the cause of arcing. The application effect of using an intelligent conduction device instead of the unidirectional conduction device is emphatically verified. ［Result & Conclusion］ Arcing in the maintenance platform railing is caused by the stray current leaking from the mainline rail to the parking lot. Arcing in the base entrance/exit lines insulation joint is caused by the increase of rail return current and the increase of insulation joint pressure difference due to poor current return. In addition, since the arc extinguishing device thyristor in the unidirectional conduction device is affected by the minimum holding current, the turn-on voltage and other characteristics, both insulation joint ends cannot achieve the effect of metallic electrical connection, thus resulting in unsatisfactory arc extinguishing effect. The actual application effect shows that the intelligent conduction device can effectively block the stray current path, inhibit the stray current from flowing into the vehicle base, ensure the smooth return flow, thereby reducing the arcing occurrence in the vehicle base.
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