高速低地板有轨电车座位区降噪方案
潘敏凯陈云莎
Noise Reduction Scheme for High-speed Low-floor Tram Seating Areas
PAN MinkaiCHEN Yunsha
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作者信息:中车南京浦镇车辆有限公司， 210031， 南京
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Affiliation:CRRC Nanjing Puzhen CO., Ltd.， 210031， Nanjing， China
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2025.05.045
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中图分类号/CLCN:U270.16
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栏目/Col:车辆制造与列车控制
摘要:
［目的］随着低地板有轨电车的应用场景日益广泛，为了适应市场对更高运行速度的需求，新型高速低地板有轨电车应运而生。为了确保高速低地板有轨电车在提升运行速度的同时，能够保持良好的噪声性能，需对其开展整车噪声方案优化研究。［方法］基于FE（有限元）-SEA（统计能量分析）方法，建立整车SEA模型，通过声学软件进行车内噪声仿真预测。基于仿真预测结果，结合车下空间的实际结构情况，提出座位区降噪方案，并进行隔声仿真计算与整车噪声方案优化研究。［结果及结论］对于整车车内噪声，列车在100 km/h匀速运行工况下，车内噪声不满足设计目标要求，最大噪声值位于中间车1.2 m高处，主要声源为轮轨噪声，声能量主要通过贯通道和转向架区的地板传递进入车内。通过优化筋板夹角和面板厚度，可使型材2、型材3的计权隔声量分别提升3.3 dB和5.1 dB。若进一步增加面板厚度，可使型材4和型材5的计权隔声量分别提升4.3 dB和6.4 dB。结合型材参数及地板断面优化方案，优化后的车内噪声能够满足车内噪声限值要求。
Abstracts:
［Objective］With the increasingly wide application scenarios of low-floor trams, new high-speed low-floor trams have emerged to meet the market demands for higher operating speed. To ensure that high-speed low-floor trams can maintain good noise performance while increasing the operating speed, it is necessary to carry out research on the optimization of the whole vehicle noise scheme. ［Method］Based on the FE (Finite Element)-SEA (Statistical Energy Analysis) method, a SEA model of the whole vehicle is established, and the vehicle interior noise is simulated and predicted through acoustic software. Based on the simulation and prediction results, combined with the actual structure of the under-vehicle space, a noise reduction scheme for the seating area is proposed, a sound insulation simulation calculation and an optimization research on the whole vehicle noise scheme are carried out. ［Result & Conclusion］In terms of the whole vehicle interior noise, when the train is running at a constant speed of 100 km/h, the interior noise does not meet the requirements of the design target. The maximum noise value is located at a height of 1.2 m in the middle car, and the main sound source comes from the wheel-rail noise, and the sound energy is transmitted into the carriage mainly through the gangway floor and the bogie areas. By optimizing the angle of the stiffener plate and the thickness of the panel, the weighted sound insulation amounts of Profile 2 and Profile 3 can be increased by 3.3 dB and 5.1 dB respectively. If the panel thickness is further increased, the weighted sound insulation amounts of Profile 4 and Profile 5 can be increased by 4.3 dB and 6.4 dB respectively. Based on the optimization scheme of the profile parameters and the floor section, the optimized vehicle interior noise can meet the requirements of the interior noise limit.
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