轨道客车TVOC（总挥发性有机化合物）溯源分析与管控措施
夏春晶1,2周丹1陈光1
Traceability Analysis and Control Measures of TVOC in Rail Passenger Vehicles
XIA Chunjing1,2ZHOU Dan1CHEN Guang1
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作者信息:1.中南大学交通运输学院， 410083， 长沙
2.中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司工程实验室， 130021， 长春
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Affiliation:1.Transportation Engineering College, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, China
2.Engineering Laboratory, CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co., Ltd., 130021, Changchun, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2025.05.050
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中图分类号/CLCN:U270.42
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栏目/Col:车辆制造与列车控制
摘要:
［目的］轨道客车内的TVOC(总挥发性有机化合物)质量浓度与成分，受到车内零部件与化工产品的综合影响，因此有必要对车内TVOC进行溯源分析与分类管控。［方法］以某列新造整备状态下的轨道客车为例，测试并分析各车厢内的TVOC质量浓度及成分，以及车内材料、零部件、化工产品（油漆与胶黏剂）的TVOC质量浓度与成分，明确车内TVOC主要来源的判定方法，并进一步得出对车内TVOC成分与质量浓度影响较大的零部件与化工产品。［结果及结论］轨道客车车内各区域TVOC中的主要释放物质种类和各物质占比近似。车内所用材料与零部件的TVOC质量浓度与成分组成有较大差异。车内所用化工产品在不同测试方法下所得的TVOC质量浓度存在正相关性，其主要成分种类与占比排序基本一致，但存在高低释放速度之分。材料与零部件对整车的TVOC质量浓度贡献占比较小，仅占12%；化工产品对整车的TVOC质量浓度会产生重要的影响，其影响程度受化工产品的使用位置与覆盖状态的综合作用，其中直接暴露使用的胶黏剂需重点管控。
Abstracts:
［Objective］The mass concentration and composition of TVOC (total volatile organic compounds) inside rail passenger vehicles are influenced by a combination of interior components and chemical products. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct traceability analysis and implement classified control measures for TVOC inside the vehicles. ［Method］Taking a newly manufactured and fully equipped rail passenger vehicle as an example, the TVOC mass concentration and composition in each carriage, as well as in the interior materials, components, and chemical products (paints and adhesives), are tested and analyzed. A method for determining the main sources of TVOC inside the vehicle is clarified, and the components and chemical products that significantly affect the TVOC mass concentration and composition are further identified. ［Result & Conclusion］The main types of TVOC-releasing substances and proportions of each substance are similar across different areas inside the rail passenger vehicle. However, there are significant differences of the TVOC mass concentration and component composition among the materials and components used inside the vehicle. The obtained TVOC mass concentrations of the chemical products used inside the vehicle under different testing methods are positively correlated. The main types of components and their proportion rankings are largely consistent, but with different release rates. Materials and components contribute a relatively small proportion to the overall TVOC mass concentration in the entire vehicle, accounting for only 12%. Chemical products have a significant impact on the TVOC mass concentration in the entire vehicle， and this impact degree depends comprehensively on the location and coverage state of the chemical products. Notably, adhesives used in direct exposure require focused control measures.
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