螺旋弹簧中高频动态特性及影响因素研究*
成军强1张名扬2姚远2
Medium and High Frequency Dynamic Characteristics of Helical Spring and the Influencing Factors
CHENG JunqiangZHANG MingyangYAO Yuan
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作者信息:1.中车南京浦镇车辆有限公司，210031，南京；
2.西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,611756,成都
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Affiliation:CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Co., Ltd., 210031, Nanjing, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2020.10.030
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中图分类号/CLCN:U270.331+.4
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栏目/Col:研究报告
摘要:
为研究等截面圆柱形螺旋钢制弹簧在中高频激励下的垂向动态传递特性，建立弹簧离散模型，通过有限元计算，绘制垂向动刚度随激励频率变化曲线。分别对双卷并联弹簧组及弹簧、橡胶垫串联系统进行仿真分析。依次改变预压缩量、激励幅值及弹簧和橡胶材料的阻尼比，探究影响垂向传递特性的因素。结果表明：随着激励频率的增加，螺旋弹簧垂向动刚度在共振频率附近出现谷值，在共振频率之后的某一频率区间内出现峰值，总体呈现波动上升的趋势；预压缩量及激励幅值的大小对弹簧的模态和传递特性没有显著影响；提高材料的阻尼比以及在弹簧端部串联橡胶垫，均可以有效降低垂向动刚度的放大倍数，减小波动范围。
Abstracts:
In order to study the vertical dynamic transmission characteristics of the constant cross section cylindrical spiral steel spring under the medium and high frequency excitation, a discrete model of the spring is established, and the variation curve of the vertical dynamic stiffness with the excitation frequency is drawn through finite element calculation. The double coil parallel spring group and the series system of spring and rubber pad are simulated and analyzed respectively. In order to further explore the influencing factors on the vertical transmission characteristics, the pre-compression, excitation amplitude and damping ratio of the helical spring and rubber materials are changed sequentially. The results show that with the increase of the excitation frequency, the valley value of the coil spring vertical dynamic stiffness will appear near the resonance frequency, while the peak value appears in a certain frequency range after the resonance frequency, it shows an overall rising trend of fluctuation. The size of pre\|compression and excitation amplitude has no significant influence on the modality and transmission characteristics of the spring; by improving the damping ratio of the material and the rubber pad connected in series at the spring end can both effectively reduce the magnification of vertical dynamic stiffness and the fluctuation range.
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