地铁车站内空气中细颗粒物质量浓度特征及影响因素分析
刘承昊纪文静
Analysis of Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Fine Particle Mass Concentration in Metro Station Air
LIU ChenghaoJI Wenjing
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作者信息:北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院， 100083， 北京
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Affiliation:College of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 100083, Beijing, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2023.12.019
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中图分类号/CLCN:R122.3∶U231+.4
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栏目/Col:研究报告
摘要:
目的：为全面了解地铁车站内PM2.5(我国把空气动力学直径在2.5 μm以下的颗粒物称为PM2.5)污染特征，制定科学有效的控制措施，以保护地铁车站工作人员及乘客的身体健康。方法：对南京市5个地铁站设备区和站台区的PM2.5质量浓度、CO2体积浓度及温湿度进行同步测试，使用相关性分析方法和回归模型进行数据分析。结果及结论：地铁站内PM2.5污染严重，设备区和站台区PM2.5全年平均质量浓度分别为47.50 μg/m3和54.92 μg/m3，均超过室外大气PM2.5年均质量浓度(35.7 μg/m3)；且地铁站内秋冬季节PM2.5质量浓度高于夏季；室外PM2.5质量浓度对设备区及站台区的PM2.5质量浓度均影响显著，相关系数分别为0.87与0.75；站台区PM2.5对设备区PM2.5也有显著影响，相关系数为0.84；CO2体积浓度整体而言与PM2.5质量浓度为正相关关系，室外风速与站内PM2.5质量浓度为负相关关系；温湿度对设备区和站台区PM2.5的影响没有统一规律；地铁站内每日PM2.5质量浓度存在周期性波动，在上下班高峰时段站内PM2.5质量浓度升高，这与列车频次增加有关；列车停止运营后PM2.5质量浓度持续降低并在凌晨03:00—06:00达到每日最低浓度。
Abstracts:
Objective: To thoroughly understand the pollution characteristics of PM2.5 (particles with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 micrometers or less, as termed in China) inside metro stations, scientifically effective control measures are formulated to protect the health of metro station staff and passengers. Methods: Synchronized testing of PM2.5 mass concentration (hereinafter referred to as ′concentration′), CO2 volume concentration, and temperaturehumidity is conducted in the equipment and platform areas of 5 metro stations in Nanjing. Data analysis is carried out using correlation analysis methods and regression models. Results & Conclusions: Severe PM2.5 pollution is observed inside metro stations, with annual average concentrations of 47.50 μg/m3 in the equipment area and 54.92 μg/m3 on the platform, both exceeding the annual average concentration of outdoor atmospheric PM2.5 (35.7 μg/m3). Furthermore, PM2.5 concentrations in the fall and winter seasons are higher than those in summer. Outdoor PM2.5 concentration significantly affects the PM2.5 concentrations in the equipment and platform areas, with correlation coefficients of 0.87 and 0.75, respectively. The platform PM2.5 concentration has a significant impact on equipment area PM2.5 concentration, with a correlation coefficient of 0.84. Overall, CO2 volume concentration exhibits a positive correlation with PM2.5 concentration. Outdoor wind speed shows a negative correlation with PM2.5 concentration inside the station, while the influence of temperaturehumidity on platform PM2.5 exhibits no consistent pattern. PM2.5 concentration inside the metro station exhibits periodic fluctuations, peaking during rush hours due to increased train frequency. PM2.5 concentration continues to decline after the cessation of train operations, reaching the daily minimum concentration between 03:00 and 06:00 in early morning.
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