上海城市轨道交通网络通达性与路径冗余性评估研究
张琦
Evaluation and Research on Accessibility and Path Redundancy of Shanghai Urban Rail Transit Network
ZHANG Qi
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作者信息:上海申通地铁集团有限公司技术中心， 201103， 上海
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Affiliation:Technology Center, Shanghai Shentong Metro Group Co., Ltd., 201103, Shanghai, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.20230424
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中图分类号/CLCN:F530.7
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栏目/Col:运营管理
摘要:
［目的］为了更好地衡量城市轨道交通网络在常态和非常态下的性能水平，需对城市轨道交通网络通达性和路径冗余性进行评估。［方法］以上海城市轨道交通网络为例，对其进行通达性和路径冗余性计算分析。在通达性层面，基于考虑换乘时间的最短路径行程时间构建评价指标，计算不同出行时间下的可达范围和服务人群规模；在路径冗余性层面，将路径冗余性表征为考虑路径选择行为偏好的有效路径数量。［结果及结论］上海城市轨道交通网络通达性相对较好，约50%和95%的出行能够在50 min和90 min内完成；仅有少数OD（起讫点）对具有较高的路径冗余性；以行程时间与有效路径数量之比来表征OD对抗扰动能力，该比值近似服从偏正态分布;位于分布尾部且出行需求较大的OD对具有较高的脆弱性，需要在未来规划设计中予以重点关注。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ To better measure the performance level of urban rail transit networks under both normal and abnormal conditions, it is essential to evaluate the accessibility and path redundancy of urban rail transit networks. ［Method］ Taking the urban rail transit network in Shanghai as an example, calculation and analysis of accessibility and path redundancy are conducted. In terms of accessibility, evaluation indicators are established based on the shortest path travel time considering the interchange time, to calculate the reachable area and the scale of the served population under different travel time scenarios. While in terms of path redundancy, the path redundancy is characterized by the number of effective paths that take into account path selection behavior preferences. ［Result & Conclusion］ The urban rail transit network in Shanghai demonstrates relatively good accessibility, with approximately 50% and 95% of trips being completed within 50 minutes and 90 minutes, respectively. Only a small number of OD (origin-destination) pairs exhibit higher path redundancy. The ratio of travel time to the number of effective paths is used to characterize the OD pair ability against disturbances, which approximately follows a skewed normal distribution. OD pairs located at the tail of the distribution with higher travel demand show greater vulnerability, requiring special attention in future planning and design.
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