地铁电气火灾监测的新型阻性漏电绝缘探测器
张磊1赵小皓2赵海龙3任丹彤3
Novel Resistive Leakage Insulation Detector for Metro Electrical Fire Monitoring
ZHANG Lei1ZHAO Xiaohao2ZHAO Hailong3REN Dantong3
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作者信息:1.北京城市副中心站综合枢纽建设管理有限公司, 101125, 北京；
2.北京消防协会, 100055, 北京；
3.北京航天常兴科技发展股份有限公司, 102600, 北京
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Affiliation:1.Beijing Sub-center Station Integrated Transit Hub Construction Management Co., Ltd., 101125, Beijing, China;
2.Beijing Fire Protection Association, 100055, Beijing, China;
3.Beijing Hangtian Changxing Technology Development Co., Ltd., 102600, Beijing, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.20231175
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中图分类号/CLCN:U231.96
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栏目/Col:供电与能源
摘要:
［目的］地铁电气火灾漏电绝缘监测采用的传统设备，存在漏电监测准确性低、溯源能力差、误报警数量高等问题。对此，有必要研究新型的阻性漏电绝缘探测器。［方法］从地铁漏电监测现状入手，分析现有检测设备在应用过程中存在的误报现象及原因。根据电流特性，设计阻性致灾成分分离提取方法。阐述了阻性漏电绝缘探测器的检测原理、硬件组成及软件逻辑。漏电绝缘监测全过程均以基波剩余电流为基准，确保信号不受高次谐波的干扰，提升设备数据处理精度。搭建试验配电箱开展监测效果验证试验，以传统剩余电流探测器为基准，验证阻性漏电绝缘探测器的监测效果。选取北京地铁某线路站点作为试点开展设备应用测试。［结果及结论］阻性漏电绝缘探测器以基波剩余电流为基准，可确保信号不受高次谐波的干扰，能提升设备数据处理精度。监测效果验证试验结果表明：阻性漏电绝缘探测器误报率降低与线路容性固有泄漏电流相关；当阻性漏电电流小于容性固有泄漏电流时，误报率可降低95%以上。经试点现场低压配电柜环境应用验证，相较传统剩余电流探测器，采用阻性漏电绝缘监测器进行电气火灾漏电监测，误报警比例减少了98.9%，有效了提高电气火灾设备监测能力。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ Traditional equipment used for electrical fire leakage insulation monitoring in metro systems suffers from low leakage detection accuracy, poor traceability, and high false alarm rates. To address these issues, it is necessary to develop a novel resistive leakage insulation detector. ［Method］ Beginning with the current state of metro leakage monitoring, false alarm phenomena and their causes in existing detection equipment during application are analyzed. Based on the characteristics of electric current, a separation and extraction method for resistive hazard causing components is designed. The detection principle, hardware composition, and software logic of resistive leakage insulation detector are elaborated. Throughout the leakage insulation monitoring process, the fundamental wave residual current serves as the benchmark to ensure signals remain unaffected by higher harmonics, thereby enhancing the data processing accuracy. A test distribution cabinet is constructed to conduct monitoring effectiveness verification trials. Using traditional residual current detectors as the baseline, the monitoring performance of the resistive leakage insulation detector is validated. A metro line station in Beijing is selected as a pilot site for equipment application testing. ［Result & Conclusion］ The resistive leakage insulation detector based on fundamental wave residual current can ensure signal immunity to higher harmonic interference, and improve equipment data processing accuracy. Verification test results demonstrate that the reduction of resistive leakage insulation detector false alarm rate correlates with line capacitive inherent leakage current. When resistive leakage current is less than capacitive inherent leakage current, the false alarm rate decreases by over 95 %. Field validation in low-voltage switchgear environments at the pilot site confirms that compared to traditional residual current detectors, the resistive leakage insulation detector reduces the false alarms of electrical fire current leakage by 98.9%, significantly enhancing electrical fire monitoring capabilities.
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