车辆基地排烟系统布置优化及排烟量研究
房烁1周文慧2杨媛媛2王庆亮1谢宝超3陈珊娜3易俊彦3
Layout Optimization of Smoke Exhaust System and Smoke Exhaust Volume in Vehicle Base
FANG Shuo1ZHOU Wenhui2YANG Yuanyuan2WANG Qingliang1XIE Baochao3CHEN Shanna3YI Junyan3
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作者信息:1.苏州市轨道交通集团有限公司， 215004， 苏州
2.中铁第五勘察设计院集团有限公司， 102600， 北京
3.中南大学土木工程学院， 410075， 长沙
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Affiliation:1.Suzhou Rail Transit Group Co., Ltd., 215004, Suzhou, China
2.China Railway Fifth Survey and Design Institute Group Co., Ltd., 102600, Beijing, China
3.School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, 410075, Changsha, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007－869x.20231102
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中图分类号/CLCN:U231
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栏目/Col:运营管理
摘要:
［目的］带上盖车辆基地因建筑结构特殊，难以设置自然排烟口。发生火灾时，机械排烟是控制烟气最直接有效的方式，故有必要优化车辆基地的机械排烟系统布置方案以提高烟气排出效率。［方法］利用正交试验方法确定试验方案，通过数值模拟软件研究了固定排烟量下排烟口高度、排烟管道间距、排烟口间距对车辆基地排烟效果的影响；同时，在最优布置方案下分析不同排烟量对车辆基地排烟效果的影响，以得到车辆基地排烟系统的合理排烟量。［结果及结论］以排烟效率作为考核指标时，不同排烟系统布置参数对车辆基地排烟效果的影响程度从大到小的顺序依次为：排烟口高度、排烟口间距、排烟管道间距；车辆基地机械排烟系统的最优布置方案为：排烟口高度0.4 m，排烟口间距4.5 m，排烟管道间距6 m；车辆基地排烟量为41.35 m3/s时，烟气被控制在库区一定范围内，此时排烟效率变化量达到最大值，继续增大排烟量，排烟效果提升不显著。计算理论排烟量时，适用于车辆基地的燃料面到烟层底部的高度值为0.6倍的车辆基地空间净高。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ Due to the special building structure, it is difficult to open natural smoke exhaust outlets in covered vehicle bases. When a fire occurs, mechanical smoke exhaust is the most direct and effective way to control the smoke, so it is necessary to optimize the layout of the vehicle base mechanical smoke exhaust system to improve the smoke exhaust efficiency. ［Method］ The orthogonal test method is employed to determine the experimental design. The influence of the exhaust vent height, exhaust pipe spacing, and exhaust port spacing on the vehicle base exhaust effect under a fixed exhaust volume is studied through numerical simulation software; at the same time, the influence of different exhaust volumes on the vehicle base exhaust effect is analyzed under the optimal layout plan to obtain the reasonable exhaust volume of the vehicle base exhaust system. ［Result & Conclusion］ Using smoke exhaust efficiency as the assessment criterion, the influence of different smoke exhaust system layout parameters on the vehicle base smoke exhaust effect is in the following order from large to small: smoke vent height, smoke vents spacing, smoke exhaust pipes spacing. The optimal layout scheme of the vehicle base mechanical smoke exhaust system is: smoke vent height is 0.4 m, smoke vent spacing is 4.5 m, and smoke exhaust pipes spacing is 6 m; when the vehicle base smoke exhaust volume is 41.35 m3/s, the smoke is controlled within a certain range of the depot area. At this time, the change in smoke exhaust efficiency reaches the maximum value. If the smoke exhaust volume continues to increase, the improvement of smoke exhaust effect is not significant. When calculating the theoretical smoke exhaust volume, the applicable height value from the vehicle base fuel surface to the smoke layer bottom is 0.6 times the clear height of the vehicle base space.
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