上海轨道交通车辆设备状态评估方法研究
丁亚琦
Study on Condition Evaluation Method of Shanghai Rail Transit Vehicle Equipment
DING Yaqi
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作者信息:上海地铁维护保障有限公司车辆分公司， 200237， 上海
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Affiliation:The Vehicle Branch, Shanghai Metro Maintenance Guarantee Co., Ltd., 200237, Shanghai,China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007－869x.2025116
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中图分类号/CLCN:U270.38
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栏目/Col:车辆制造与列车控制
摘要:
［目的］上海地铁车型多样、设备状态差异大，故有必要建立科学有效的车辆设备状态评估体系，以保障城市轨道交通车辆安全可靠运营。［方法］通过分析现有评估体系不足，构建包含行车安全、运营质量、设备故障、备件供应四个维度的评估指标体系。提出三级评估架构：① 关键部件层面，将部件分为电气、机械、消耗三类，分别建立评分模型(电气部件采用加权评分法，机械部件采用状态检查法，消耗部件采用磨耗预测法)；② 子系统层面采用综合评分法集成关键部件评估结果；③ 车型层面通过归一加权法整合子系统评估值。基于评估结果建立动态更新的项目库。［结果及结论］以上海某车型车门系统为例验证方法可行性，结果显示门控器(D级)、限位开关(C级)、车门电机(A级)的评估结果与实际状态相符，据此制定的改造方案有效支撑维修决策。形成的评估方法体系可为城市轨道交通车辆状态管理提供标准化参考框架，后续需持续优化权重设置以提高评估客观性。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ Shanghai Metro features diverse vehicle models and significant variations in equipment conditions, so it is necessary to establish a scientific and effective vehicle equipment status assessment system to ensure the safe and reliable operation of urban rail transit vehicles. ［Method］ By analyzing the shortcomings of existing assessment systems, an evaluation index system is constructed, covering four dimensions: operational safety, service quality, equipment failure, and spare parts supply four dimensions. A three-level evaluation framework is proposed: 1) At the key component level, components are categorized into electrical/mechanical/consumable types, with respective scoring models (weighted scoring for electrical components, condition inspection for mechanical components, and wear prediction for consumables); 2) At the subsystem level, a comprehensive scoring method integrating key component evaluations is adopted; 3) At the vehicle model level, the subsystem evaluation values are integrated through the normalized weighted method. A dynamically updated project library is established based on evaluation results. ［Result & Conclusion］ Taking the door system of a certain vehicle model in Shanghai Metro as an example, the feasibility of the method is validated. It shows that evaluation results of the door controller (level D), limit switch (level C), and door motor (level A) are consistent with the actual conditions, and the transformation plan proposed as a result supports the maintenance decision effectively. The formulated evaluation method system can provide a standardized reference framework for the status management of urban rail transit vehicles. The weight setting needs to be continuously optimized in the future to improve evaluation objectivity.
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