Abstract: Through analyzing the mechanism of high-speed train pantograph arc，and combined with the offline time between pantograph and catenary，material defects and electrical corrosion，the correlation mechanism between pantograph arc and high-speed train safety is resolved. Based on the dynamic model algorithm of arc theory，the theoretical formulas of Cassie model and Mayr model are deduced，the applicable conditions and scope of the two models are discussed. This paper puts forward the problems that still exist in the arc of high-speed trains and the prospect of future arc research.