Abstract: In order to study the deformation and vertical temperature field change law of the track plate under temperature action, a long-term statistical analysis of multi-point vertical displacement and temperature of the track plate angle and the plate itself is conducted. The results show that the change law of the overall track plate warping displacement under the influence of ambient temperature is regular, the amount of arch warpage generated by the track plate at high temperature during the day is greater than the concave warping deformation at night, and the vertical deformation at the plate edge is most obvious. There is a 3hour phase difference at the 20mm depth and the 180mm depth under plate surface with the temperature variation; in summer, the plate surface temperature and the ambient temperature are non-linearly related, while in winter, the correlation between the ambient temperature and the plate surface temperature is a linear association. The downward displacement of the plate is greater than its upward displacement.