地铁站聚氨酯与聚氯乙烯火灾特性及人员安全疏散研究

Study on Metro Station Polyurethane and PVC Fire Characteristics and Personnel Safe Evacuation

  • 摘要: 结合聚氨酯与聚氯乙烯(PVC)材料的物理化学参数,采用PyroSim火灾仿真软件建立地铁站火灾模型,根据危险临界值判据确定各工况可用安全疏散时间。通过可用安全疏散时间的设定,将PyroSim火灾模型与Pathfinder疏散模拟软件融合,分析地铁站火灾对人员安全疏散的影响。结果表明:地铁站聚氨酯燃烧火灾中,各危险位置的烟气温度、CO质量浓度及能见度达到危险临界值的时间依次为:能见度临界值时间 

    Abstract: Taking the physical and chemical parameters of polyurethane and PVC materials,PyroSim fire simulation software is adopted to build metro station fire model,to determin the available safe evacuation time(TASET) for different working conditions based on hazard threshold value.By setting the available safe evacuation time,the PyroSim fire simulation model and the Pathfinder evacuation simulation software are integrated to analyze the impacts of fire on the safe evacuation of personnel. The results show that in the polyurethane fire of metro station, the time that gas temperature, CO concentration and visibility at each dangerous position requires to reach the hazard threshold are visibility < CO concentration < gas temperature. All meet the required time for evacuating personnel to safe area. In the PVC fire of metro station,the time that is required to reach hazard threshold are CO concentration < visibility < the flue gas temperature. Since the CO concentration determines the TASET,the fire is very harmful,and available safe evacuation time for each dangerous position is less. Some personnel trapped in station floor cannot be evacuated to a safe area.

     

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