Abstract: At present, there are the over repair and the under repair phenomena in metro vehicle maintenance. For this reason, based on a vehicle equipment full life analysis, and taking the lowest maintenance cost per unit time of the full life cycle as the goal, an equipment preventive maintenance cycle model based on the residual life reliability is set up, and regarding the multi component maintenance cycle, an approaching to multi component opportunity maintenance strategy is put forward. Through example analysis, the rationality and availability of the model, the effectiveness of the approaching to opportunity maintenance strategy are verified.