Abstract: As a densely populated place, urban rail transit hub is faced with increasing pressure of explosion\|proof security inspection year by year, therefore in the process of security inspection, detection methods of hidden explosives and explosive dangerous goods are highly recognized. From the perspective of classification, chemical and physical characteristics of common explosives and explosive dangerous goods in the process of safety inspection of urban rail transit, different detection technology methods based on different technical principles are compared and analyzed, including Raman spectrum technology, terahertz technology, ion migration spectrum technology, of which the principles and advantages are discussed respectively.