Abstract: In this paper, the multi-arc rail profile fitting method is proposed, which regards the arc radius and the abscissa of arc tangent point as the design variables, the horizontal distribution density function of the wheelrail contact point and the minimum axle lateral force as the objective functions. Then, by determining the parametric boundary conditions through statistical approach, an asymmetric rail grinding design model is established. The genetic algorithm is used to solve the rail profile design model so as to obtain the asymmetric grinding profile of the outer curve of metro curve section. Next, through the establishment of vehicle system dynamics and wheel-rail contact mechanics model, the dynamic performance evaluation and the wear analysis of the designed asymmetric rail profile are carried out. The results show that the asymmetric grinding profile does not affect the vehicle dynamic performance compared with the TB60 rail profile grinding method, at the same time, the former improves the wheel-rail contact relationship. In the range of 0~25 mm on the rail top surface, the distribution density of wheel-rail contact spot is 86.18%, while that of the asymmetric grinding profile is 35.21% higher than TB60. Under the condition of passing train number being 5.0×105 and 1.0×106 respectively, the maximum wear depth of the asymmetric grinding profile rail moves 5 mm towards the rail top center than TB60 rail, which effectively reduces the abnormal rail wear.