Abstract: Train operation reliability reflects the service quality and management level of rail transit operation, which is one of the key performance indicators concerned by rail transit enterprises. To elevate Shanghai rail transit train operation reliability, the statistical methods and influencing factors of the indicator are analyzed. Through the multi-dimensional analysis of Shanghai rail transit train reliability data from 2014 to 2018, targeted measures are proposed in the aspects of optimizing operation management, elevating maintenance management level and strengthening site operation control ability. Practice has proven that the above countermeasures can effectively elevate Shanghai rail transit train operation reliability.