Abstract: Taking fuel cell tram as research object, and taking the optimal energy consumption economy as the overall goal by adopting hierarchical control method, research on energy management strategy based on speed optimization is carried out. In the strategy, the upper layer is based on the communication between vehicles and traffic facilities (V2I), aiming at the minimum driving energy consumption, but considering the influence of traffic lights, a speed optimization strategy based on Pseudo-spectral method is designed. Based on the optinal speed obtained by the upper layer and the PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) algorithm, the lower layer optimizes the distribution of fuel cell tram energy. Simulation results show that the rapid speed change and red-light idling behavior of the train can be avoided by tram energy management strategy based on speed optimization. The plug-in fuel cell tram energy management strategy based on speed optimization and PSO algorithm carries out optimized power distribution of power cell and fuel cell. Compared with the tram energy management strategy based on speed optimization and rule, its fuel cell economy is improved by 3.72%.