Abstract: In view of the rail damage situation in Wuhan Metro, a practice study is carried out on the improvement of P60N model rail for wheel-rail contact relationship and rail surface state while in service. The states of Wuhan Metro Line 2 small-radius curve P60N rails and Line 3 profile-grinded P60N rails in service are tracked and observed. Results show that compared to P60 rail, the P60N rail has smooth wheel-rail contact surface, no spalling defects, reasonable light bands distribution and smaller wear rate, achieving the expected performance. It is suggested that P60N rail should be widely adopted in newly built metro lines or in overhaul and replacement construction, in order to prolong the rail service lifespan and reduce the maintenance cost.